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James Madison wanted the Bill of Rights to cover both state and federal government. The senate said NO. Later Barron vs. Baltimore and the supreme court reiterates the 5th amendment. Stating that the 5th amendment is protected by both state and federal government.
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A group of butchers sue when monopoly rights are given to a single slaughterhouse. The court argues for a broader interpretation of the 14th amendment.
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After the courts had conflict because of misunderstanding the 14th amendment they broadened it.