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First skirmish between U.S. and Mexican forces near the Rio Grande.
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The U.S. Congress officially declares war on Mexico.
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Battle of Monterrey: The U.S. captures Monterrey after intense fighting.
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Battle of Buena Vista—General Zachary Taylor repels Santa Anna’s forces.
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U.S. forces land at Veracruz in the first major amphibious assault in U.S. history.
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Battles of Contreras and Churubusco.
U.S. forces advance toward Mexico City. -
U.S. troops enter Mexico City, effectively ending major combat.
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The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo is signed, officially ending the war.
Territorial Changes: Mexico cedes California, Texas, Arizona, New Mexico, and other lands to the U.S.