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The Congress of Vienna was an assembly in the city of Vienna, Austria, mainly between Austria, Prussia, Great Britain, and Russia. It reorganized Europe after the Napoleonic Wars. -
The Monroe Doctrine was established by US President James Monroe in a routine address to Congress. It said that the Western Hemisphere was the US's to protect and intervene in. -
The First Opium War was a conflict between China and Great Britain, caused by the enforcement of China's ban on opium, which was having a large negative impact on Chinese society. It ended in 1842 with a British victory. -
The Revolutions of 1848 were a series of revolutions in France, Italy, Austria, and Germany, fueled by demands for reform. -
The US Civil War was a war between the Northern and Southern halves of the United States. It was resolved in 1865 with the capitulation of the Southern States. -
The Dominion of Canada was created in 1867 to create a stronger government in the territory, while still being loyal to the British Empire. It continued to be called this until its independence in 1931. -
The Meiji Restoration was a massive overhaul of Japanese culture and technology, started by a coup from a group of samurai that wanted to create a stronger Japan. It turned Japan from an isolated nation to a world power. -
The Suez Canal is a man-made canal in Egypt connecting the Mediterranean and Red Seas together. It is vital for international trade, and has been a hotbed of conflict since its completion. -
The unification of Germany occured in 1871 under Otto von Bismarck of Prussia. He led multiple German-speaking states into unification, mainly through military force. -
The Berlin Conference was a meeting that set the rules for colonization in Africa and started the "Scramble for Africa". It created a legacy of political instability that is still evident today. -
The Second International was a group of socialist parties and trade unions founded in Paris. It greatly influenced the European labor movement until the First World War. -
The Boxer Rebellion was a rebellion started by the Society of Righteous and Harmonious Fists, or the Boxers. This uprising targeted foreigners, but was eventually suppressed by the Eight Nation Alliance.