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Books(1920s Literature)
The best muckraking articles were usually collected and published as best-selling books. -
Magazines(1920s Literature)
Irish immigrant, Samuel Sidney McClure founded McClure's magazine and it became a major success of muckraking articles -
Religious Fundamentalism
A religious movement, with the motives of returning to the foundations of faith and influence state policy. -
Scientific Modernism
Began to discount supernatural sources of Christian faith and belittled literal interpretations of Biblical passages. -
18th Amendment
Prohibited the sale of alcohol. -
Palmer Raid
Due to the Red Scare, a series of raids led by US Attorney General to deport anarchists and radicals from America. -
Business Doctrine Involving Republican Rule(1920s Politics)
The death of Roosevelt led to the return of Conservative Republics which emphasized limited government regulation to stabilize businesses. -
Harlem Renaissance (1920's African American Identity)
Harlem was the largest African-American community in America. Led to the development of cultural center for actors, writers, poets, artists, musicians, and promoted sense of unity and belonging among the black community. -
Marcus Garvey (1920's African American Identity)
Political leader from Harlem who advocated racial pride, economic self-sufficiency. As well as founded the United Black Improvement Association to promote resettlement of blacks homeland. -
Gender Roles, Family, and Education (1920's Culture)
Women were given the right to vote, but use it in favor for the man. Technologies eased the homemaker duties, but they did not eliminate it. A revolt against the classic morals was from the flappers. -
Farmer Problems (1920s Economy)
Farmers who borrowed land during WWI to expand their land were in debt, so they used chemical fertilizers and gasoline tractors in attempt to increase production, however it only increased the debts due to surplus goods. -
United Black Improvement Association (1920's African American Identity)
Founded by Marcus Garvey to promote resettlement of American blacks in African homeland. Sponsored and business to make money, but many efforts failed financially but helped to inspire blacks to gain self-confidence and self-reliance. -
F. Scott Fitzgerald (1920's Literature)
American author of short stories and novels. Wrote about Jazz Age and was a member of the "Lost Generation". -
Lost Generation (1920's Literature)
Ernest Hemingway made this term popular, for any men who had been through WWI and were now in their mid twenties to thirties, many died and others were too old to learn new trades. -
Langston Hughes (1920's African American Identity)
Poet of Harlem Renaissance who wrote the struggles of African-American and discrimination / segregation as well as of pride in black identity and was also a social activist who advocated black rights. -
Religion(1920s Culture)
New ways to define faith were established, but protestants condemned modernists and told them the bible must be interpreted literally. -
Literature of Alienation (1920's Culture)
Writers of postwar decade were known as lost generation and industrial design / functionalism influenced architects and painters. -
Louis Armstrong (1920's African American Identity)
Jazz musician originating from Harlem Renaissance, arguing for a "New Black" who had equality. -
TS Elliot
Poet, dramatist, literary critic, editor, modernism, American by birth, British from 1927 on. Created seven plays and won Nobel prize in literature in 1948. -
President Warren Harding (1920's Politics)
Appointed able to his cabinet, but were soon criticized for corruption due to cabinet member accepting bribes for oil leases. Harding approves reduction to income tax and increase rates under Tariff Act of 1922, and established the Bureau of Budget to place expenses in one budget. -
Mass Production
The assembly line created by Ford gained worker productivity which helped the economy grow. -
Republican Control(1920s Politics)
Three Republican Presidents were elected during the 1920's which caused business to boom and farmers and unions to struggle. -
Labor Problems (1920's Economy)
Membership in unions declined sue to open shop which was nonunion workers were only employed and welfare capitalism which was offering benefits and high wages to remove unions. -
Economic Development in Postwar Recession (1920's Economy)
America was concentrated on economic growth and social change. Business prospered even though there was economic disaster after the recession. Standards of living improved and income increased even though most families still have their incomes in the poverty range. -
Increased Consumption (1920's Economy)
Increased use of oil and electricity was used for power factories and automobiles. The government supported the growth of business and did not enforce the anti-trust laws that were created prior to the 1920's. -
President Calvin Coolidge
Had the motto "the business of America is business". Believed business should conduct its own affairs although I have closely watched the budget. Also vetoed bonuses for WWI veterans and the bill to help farmers with falling crop prices. -
Election of 1928 (1920's Politics)
Election between Hoover and Smith, because Coolidge declined to run again, so Hoover was chosen and promised to extend "Coolidge Prosperity". -
Consumerism (1920's Culture)
Appliances and automobiles became affordable allowing for advertising and the allotment of credit. This production of automobiles impacted families lives and replaced railroads as key economic growth. -
Stock Market Crash
Created overproduction, producing more goods than what was being purchased, unemployment, debt from people not being able to pay back loans, speculation, banks, losing money, and farm prices dropped because of other counties production. -
Jazz Age and The Harlem Renaissance (1920's Culture)
The Jazz Age was a symbol of new and modern culture brought by African Americans while the Harlem Renaissance was the largest black community focused actors, artists, musicians, etc. United Negro Improvement Association brought by Marcus Garvey for racial pride and nationalism. -
Okies
Name of those who left the dust bowl in search of a better life -
Hawley-Smoot Tariff
Large tax proposed by Congress, which backfired on American economy. -
Dust Bowl
Natural disaster where Midwest dust from millions of dry land was blown into the air and carried as far as Boston. -
Reconstruction Finance Corporation
One of Hoover's policies to help depression, gave 1.5 billion in loans to railroads, mortgage companies, and banks. -
"Trickle-Down" Economics
Hoover's economic policy that helped the rich and not the common folk. Hopes that giving money to rich will "trickle-down" in the form of jobs and salaries for the people. -
The Three "R's"
Roosevelt's New Deal Program served as a way to relief people from out of work, recovery for business and the economy, and the reform of economic institutions. -
Repeal of Prohibition
FDR made a campaign to repeal prohibition and raise more money for Congress by passing Beer-Wine Revenue tax, which legalized the sale of alcohol. -
Industrial Relief Program
Key program of the New Deal was the establishment of the National Recovery Administration (NRA) which provides long-term and immediate relief, but it was later declared unconstitutional. -
21st Amendment
Ended the prohibition of alcohol in the 18th Amendment. -
Programs for the unemployed
Federal Emergency Relief Administration provided federal grants to states and local governments hat operated soup kitchens, Public Works Administration, which gave money to states for building roads or other public work which produced jobs, and Civilian Conservation Corps, that employed young men on federal land projects . -
Financial Recovery Programs
FDR enacted four programs to help fix the banks; Federal Deposit Insurance Company, Home Owners Loan Corporation, Emergency Bank Relief Act, and Farm Credit Administration. -
Civil Works Administration (CWA)
Added to New Deal programs as a way to create jobs by hiring laborers for temporary construction jobs. -
Securities and Exchange Commission
The SEC was created to regulate stock market and make strict limits on kinds of speculative practices that aided in the market crash of 1929. -
Resettlement Administration (RA)
Provided loans to sharecroppers, small farmers, and tenants, and it also established federal camps for migrant workers. -
National Labor Relations Act (Wagner Act)
Guarantees worker's the right to join a union and union's have the right to bargain collectively. -
Rural Electrification Administration (REA)
Provided loans for electrical cooperatives, so they could supply power to rural areas. -
Social Security Act
Created as a federal insurance program that automatically collects tax money from employees and employers during their work careers and then will be given back monthly at the age of 65. -
Works Progress Administration (WPA)
Spent billions of dollars to help provide jobs for people. -
Federal Taxes
Revenue was enacted and as result, it was significantly increased taxes on the income of the wealthy few, capital gains, and large gifts. -
Bracero Program
An agreement with Mexican that brought many Mexican agricultural workers across the border to harvest fruit and grain crops.
