APUSH Unit Six

  • Period: to

    Second Industrial Revolution

    • improved quality of life, but under harsh and dangerous working conditions
    • europe, US, japan
    • steel, petroleum, electric power
  • The Homestead Act

    • offered plots of land to settling families in the west
    • minimum of living there for 5 years
    • attempt to increase farmers during industrialization
    • took land away from the native americans
  • Pacific Railway Act

    • government funding for the first continental railroad construction
  • Period: to

    The Gilded Age

    • rapid industrialization
    • massive wealth accumulation
    • huge racial and economic inequality
  • Transcontinental Railroad

    • completion at promontory point, utah
    • reduced travel time
    • displaced indigenous
    • harsh labor of immigrants (irish and chinese)
  • Chinese Massacre

    • chinese population in chinatown attacked and killed by racially motivated violence
  • Page Act

    • Chinese women banned to decrease Chinese children born in the U.S. and therefore citizens
  • Battle of Little Bighorn

    • U.S. army loses to the Lakota people
    • contradicts manifest destiny
    • government massacres entire population of buffalo
  • Period: to

    Social Gospel Act

    • applied Christian ethics to poverty, labor exploitation, and urban conditions
    • attempt to help save others, not just self-salvation
    • emphasized dignity of the poor and immigrants
    • improved living conditions, to a certain degree
  • Chinese Exclusion Act

    • U.S. government halts immigration from China
    • chinese population was the only group to direct and full exclusion from the U.S.
  • Period: to

    Immigration Acts

    • quotas on people who can come from certain regions and specific countries
  • Pendleton Civil Service Reform Act

    • employment based on expertise and civil service exams
  • The Contract Labor Law of 1885

    • prohibited companies from importing foreign laborers under contract to perform labor in the U.S.
  • Interstate Commerce Act

    • included interstate commerce commission which was the first institution set up to regulate something
    • overlooked exchanges in the U.S.
  • Dawes-Severalty Act

    • designed to break up tribal organizations
    • divided 160-acre plots
    • citizenship given to those who remained for 25 years as "civilized" people
  • Samuel Gompers

    • founder of the American Federal of Labor, a labor union
  • Gospel of Wealth

    • religious idea founded by Andrew Carnegie that the wealthy had a duty to serve society to clean it
  • The McKinley Tariff of 1890

    • raised tax on foreign products
  • The Sherman Silver Purchase Act of 1890

    • increased coinage of silver, but not by much
  • Closing of the Frontier

    • settlers could not longer come to the western frontier because all the land had been claimed
  • Wounded Knee

    • U.S. army opens fire at the Lakota people, including women and children
    • only one of many massacres against the indigenous people
  • Sherman Antitrust Act

    • no monopolies
    • no prevention of trade, which was used against labor unions
    • hard to understand for common people due to vague and complex language
    • rarely enforced against businesses
  • Terence Powderly

    • important member of the knights of labor
    • knights of labor included more minority groups in their protest against wage labor
  • Panic of 1893

    • a severe economic depression in the U.S.
    • caused by railroad overexpansion, weak banking, and gold reserve depletion
  • Election of 1896

    • end of the populist party
    • beginning of modern politics, end of stalemate politics