Architectural Site Analysis — Step-by-Step Process

By Songcheng Li

  • Step 1 – Project Introduction & Site Identificatio

    Define the project purpose and goals. Identify the site’s address, boundaries, and initial design requirements.

  • Step 2 – Desktop Research

    Gather zoning maps, GIS data, aerial imagery, climate datasets, and municipal regulations using online tools.

  • Step 3 – On-Site Observation

    Visit the site to take photographs, sketch conditions, note surrounding buildings, vegetation, streets, and microclimate.

  • Step 4 – Sun Path & Climate Analysis

    Study sun orientation, shadows, prevailing winds, and temperature changes to understand environmental behavior.

  • Step 5 – Topography & Drainage

    Analyze slope, contour lines, high/low points, water flow, drainage paths, and potential flood risks.

  • Step 6 – Circulation & Access

    Map pedestrian routes, vehicle paths, public transit stops, entry points, and loading/emergency access.

  • Step 7 – Surrounding Context

    Evaluate adjacent buildings, noise sources, skyline, street rhythm, and social/cultural context.

  • Step 8 – Utilities & Regulations

    Identify existing utilities, setbacks, easements, zoning requirements, height limits, and building code factors.

  • Step 9 – Opportunities & Constraints

    Combine your findings to determine key opportunities (views, ventilation, sunlight) and constraints (noise, privacy issues).

  • Step 10 – Final Presentation

    Organize diagrams, maps, and analysis results into a clear visual presentation ready for studio or academic submission.