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Mansa Musa
Mansa Musa was the ninth Mansa of the Mali Empire, which reached its territorial peak during his reign. Musa's reign is often regarded as the zenith of Mali's power and prestige, although he features less in Mandinka oral traditions than his predecessor -
The Haitian Revolution
Haiti became the first black independent country in the world due to the enslaved Africans fighting for justice. Toussaint Louverture and Jean-Jacques Dessalines were known leaders who helped Haiti to become independent from France. This revolution started in 1791 and ended in 1804. -
Frederick Douglass
Frederick Douglass was a former enslaved man who became one of the most important people in the African American civil rights movement. He escaped slavery, educated himself, and gained fame for his writings. -
Harriet Tubman
Harriet Tubman was an American abolitionist and social activist. After escaping slavery, Tubman made some 13 missions to rescue approximately 70 enslaved people, including her family and friends, using the network of antislavery activists and safe houses known collectively as the Underground Railroad. She was also a spy and a nurse. -
The Souls of Black Folk
The Souls of Black Folk: Essays and Sketches is a 1903 work of American literature by W. E. B. Du Bois. It is a seminal work in the history of sociology and a cornerstone of African-American literature. The book contains several essays on race, some of which had been published earlier in The Atlantic Monthly. -
Madam C.J. Walker
Madam C. J. Walker was a black entrepreneur, philanthropist, and political and social activist. She is recorded as the first female self-made millionaire in America in the Guinness Book of World Records. -
Marcus Garvey
Marcus Garvey was a Jamaican activist and was the founder of the Universal Negro Improvement Association and African Communities League which led to goals of developing black independent nations. -
Jackie Robinson
Jackie Robinson was an American professional baseball player who became the first African-American to play in Major League Baseball in the modern era. Robinson broke the color line when he started at first base for the Brooklyn Dodgers on April 15, 1947. -
Rosa Parks
Rosa Parks was a black activist in the civil rights movement. Not only did she show active resistance by refusing to move, but she also helped organize and plan the Montgomery Bus Boycott. -
A Raisin in the Sun
A Raisin in the Sun is a play by Lorraine Hansberry about a Black family in Chicago in the 1950s. The play explores themes of racism, poverty, and the pursuit of the American Dream. It is also in books, plays, and movies. -
Malcolm X
Malcolm X was a minister, civil rights activist, and prominent Black nationalist leader who served as a spokesman for the Nation of Islam during the 1950s and 1960s. He was shot in 1965 while giving a speech in New York. -
Muhammad Ali
Muhammad Ali was an American professional boxer and social activist. A global cultural icon, widely known by the epithet "the Greatest", he is frequently cited as the greatest heavyweight boxer of all time -
Angela Davis
Angela Davis was a feminist activist and was a member of the Black Panther Party. She stood for civil rights and was against police violence, black economic justice, and the wrongful imprisonment of black women. -
Bob Marley
Bob Marley was a Jamaican reggae artist. In 1976, he survived an assassination attempt believed to be politically motivated with minor injuries. Days later at the One Love Peace Concert, he used his music to promote peace and unity despite the attack. -
Boyz n the Hood
Boyz n the Hood conveys several messages, including the evils of systemic racism, police brutality, and violence, and the importance of community support.