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Magna Carta was a charter that limited the king’s power and allowed some rights. After that the barons rebelled against King John because he abused his power and he also imposed illegal taxes. Magna Carta was signed by King John. -
The German monk and professor Martin Luther wrote the Ninety-Five Theses. He criticized the Catholic Church and wanted to change it. This event started the Protestant Reformation. He was excommunicated because of this. -
The Church of England separated from the Roman Catholic Church. The English Church was no longer under the authority of the Pope. The king became the head of the Church in England. -
Henry VIII broke with the Pope. He became the head of the Church of England. -
Henry VIII closed monasteries. He took their lands and money for the Crown. The beliefs of the Church stayed Catholic. -
Edward VI became king in 1547 at only 9 years old. His regents were Henry VIII’s brothers-in-law Edward Seymour, Duke of Somerset, and John Dudley, Duke of Northumberland. The Church of England became Protestant. The Church of England stopped some Catholic practices.
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Spain tried to attack but they failed because the English navy won the battle. -
She was no longer part of the Catholic Church because she was Protestant. The pope did not agree with her religion. -
Mary was Catholic and Queen of Scots. She was accused of plotting against Elizabeth I, therefore she was executed in 1587. She wore a red dress, a color of Catholic martyrs. -
King James VI of Scotland became King James I of England, after that Queen Elizabeth I died with no heir. -
They were sent by the Virginia Company to find new land and resources. -
The Puritans wanted to practice their religion freely. They left England because they were not free to do this there. They traveled on a ship called the Mayflower. In 1620, they arrived in America. They founded a new colony called Plymouth -
He taxed people illegally and that caused an English Civil War between Royalists (people who supported King Charles I) and Parliamentarians (people who were against King Charles I and led by Oliver Cromwell). Therefore, Parliamentarianism managed to defeat Charles I and he was executed on January 30th, 1649 for tyranny.
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King Charles I was executed. England became a republic and had no king or queen to rule. Therefore, Oliver Cromwell led the country. In 1653, he became the Lord Protector until his death (1658). The monarchy returned in 1660. -
A political crisis opposed Parliament and King James II, who was Catholic and tried to strengthen royal power and promote Catholicism in a mainly Protestant country.
James II fled England, and Parliament invited William of Orange and Mary II to become King and Queen, strengthening the power of Parliament over the monarchy. -
William of Orange and Mary agreed to become Queen and King. They agreed to sign the Bill of Rights, which limited the king’s power. -
Scotland and England were officially united into one country and named the Kingdom of Great Britain. -
Britain controlled many territories in America, the West Indies and New Zealand. Britain wanted to have more land, get more money and be more powerful. England searched for new resources and trade routes. It also had trade posts in India and was based in Gibraltar and Minorca. But Britain lost the American War of Independence. As a result, it lost its American colonies. -
Ireland joined Scotland, Wales and England to form one kingdom: The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. -
The Good Friday Agreement was signed in 1998.
It ended most of the violence in Northern Ireland, known as The Troubles.
It was an agreement between the British government, the Irish government, and political parties in Northern Ireland.
It allowed power-sharing between Catholics and Protestants and helped bring peace to the region.