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Origin: Split from the Roman Catholic Church in 1054 (Great Schism)
• Leadership: No single Pope led by Patriarchs
• Worship: Uses icons, incense, chanting
• Language: Services often in local languages (Greek, Russian, etc.)
• Beliefs: Strong focus on tradition + sacraments
• Eucharist: Bread + wine believed to become the body and blood of Christ
• Followers: Around 220–260 million worldwide -
• Origin: Founded by Martin Luther in the 1500s (Reformation)
• Beliefs: Faith alone (not works) for salvation
• Authority: Bible is the main source, not church tradition
• Worship: Similar structure to Catholic Mass but simplified
• Eucharist: Christ is truly present in bread and wine
• Leadership: No Pope, led by pastors/bishops
• Followers: Around 65–70 million worldwide -
Origin: 1500s, part of the Reformation, linked to John Calvin (Scotland)
• Beliefs: Strong focus on God’s sovereignty + Bible authority
• Worship: Simple, centred on preaching + prayer
• Sacraments: Baptism + Communion (symbolic, not literal)
• Leadership: Governed by elders (presbyters), not bishops
• Focus: Education, morality, community service
• Followers: Around 75 million worldwide -
• Origin: Founded in 1534 by King Henry VIII (split from Catholic Church)
• Leadership: Led by the Archbishop of Canterbury (no Pope)
• Beliefs: Mix of Catholic tradition + Protestant ideas
• Worship: Uses the Book of Common Prayer
• Eucharist: Seen as spiritually real (not literal body/blood)
• Practices: Focus on scripture, tradition, and reason
• Followers: About 85 million worldwide -
• Origin: Early 1600s in England
• Beliefs: Bible only as authority
• Salvation: Through personal faith in Jesus
• Baptism: Believers only, by full immersion
• Worship: Simple, no set liturgy
• Leadership: Independent congregations (no central leader)
• Followers: About 100 million worldwide -
• Origin: 1700s, started by John Wesley in England
• Beliefs: Faith + good works show true Christian life
• Worship: Emphasis on hymns, preaching, and prayer
• Sacraments: Celebrate baptism + communion (symbolic, not literal)
• Leadership: Led by ministers and conferences (no Pope)
• Focus: Strong on social justice and community service
• Followers: Around 60–80 million worldwide -
• Origin: Formed in 1977 in Australia
• Groups: Union of Methodist, Presbyterian, and Congregational churches
• Beliefs: Bible-based, but open to new understandings
• Worship: Mix of traditions, often modern and flexible
• Sacraments: Baptism + Communion (symbolic, inclusive)
• Leadership: Run by councils (not bishops/pope)
• Followers: About 160,000 members in Australia today -
• Origin: Founded in 1983 in Sydney, Australia
• Type: Pentecostal / Evangelical megachurch
• Beliefs: Bible-centred, salvation through Jesus, Holy Spirit gifts
• Worship: Known for modern music, bands, concerts-style services
• Sacraments: Practice baptism (immersion) + communion
• Leadership: Led by pastors (no bishops/pope)
• Followers: Tens of thousands in Australia, about 150,000+ globally