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Barons rebelled against king John’s taxes and abuse of power which resulted into a text supposed to limit the king’s power -
He was excommunicated in 1521 after writing the Ninety Tive Theses which denounced the drifts of the catholic church especially the Doctrine of the purgatory -
King Henry VIII broke with the pope over his divorce from Catherine of Aragon and dissolved the monasteries -
Under Henry 8
English laws extended to Wales
Wales was represented in the English Parliament.
English became the official language in the courts and the administration. -
Mary I (Mary tudor) restored Catholicism persecuted Protestant and went to the stake from 1555 to 1558, but Elizabeth I her sister appeased the religious tensions to prove her legitimacy as Queen -
Mary Stuart was beheaded in 1587, she was accused of conspiracy and accused of wanting to kill Elizabeth I -
The king James considered himself king by right, his son Charles enter in conflict with the parliament, he imposed illegal taxes to finance the war but when the parliament protested with the petition of right in 1628 he ignored them and governed without parliament for 11 years with caused a civil war between the parliament and the royalist that ended in a regicide in London accusing the King Charles of tyranny and treason -
After the regicide of King Charles the commonwealth directed by Oliver Cromwell named Lord Protector was the head of state until the restoration of the monarchy in 1660 -
In 1685 James II a catholic became the king, he promoted Catholics to high places, ignored Parliament, and suspended laws. Which caused his overthrow thanks to his daughter Mary I Mary of orange and her husband William of orange sent by the parliament because they were Protestant, they came with William’s army in 1688 and the king James II fled to France with his chatolic wife and baby. -
Started by the union of the crown in 1603 and a parliament union more than a century later in 1707 imposed by England which created the United Kingdom of great Britain -
Anglo-Irish Union in 1800 and the birth of the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland -
From 1916 to 1922 a Revolution and War of Independence happened between northern and Southern Ireland that lended to Partition of Ireland in 1921
Southern Ireland got its independence in 1922
Northern Ireland (Ulster) remained part of the United Kingdom and the birth of United kingdom
Of Great Britain and Northern Ireland -
An act of terrorism from Ireland to Northern Ireland during 30 years called the troubled essentially because of a religious different
The troubles ended with the Good Friday agreement in 1998 -
1998 : creation of local parliaments:
- National Assembly for Wales
- Scottish Parliament -
In June 2016, the UK voted in a referendum to leave the European Union, with 52% in favor.