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-Ezell Blair, Jr. (now Jibreel Khazan), David Richmond, Franklin McCain and Joseph McNeil—later dubbed the Greensboro Four—began a sit-in at a Woolworth's lunch counter in a small city in North Carolina
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-Intention of the rides was to have a mobile demonstration through the south. -Most riders were members of C.O.R.E. and trained by NAACP -Knew they would likely be physically threatened and/or harmed...martyrs. -Wanted to antagonize southern racists and force the KKK into criminal action. -wanted to force the Kennedy administration’s hand to enforce the federal law that desegregated interstate travel
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-Bombingham, AL church bombing (KKK members tossed a bomb through a church window from their moving car) kills 4 girls in the restroom.
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WW2 Veteran
Was at Normandy
Integrates at Ole Miss
Helps the Emmett Till investigation
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-Bayard Rustin, SCLC leader creates the March on Washington; 250,000 people show up at the Wash Monument to demand racial equality action.
-Dr. MLK Jr. gives legendary “I Have A Dream” speech at March on Wash. -
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1965 - John C. Lewis launches First Selma March for voting rights. Bloody Sunday. In the Selma to Montgomery March, around 600 civil rights marchers walk to Selma, Alabama to Montgomery—the state’s capital—in protest of Black voter suppression. Local police block and brutally attack them.
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-James Meredith who had integrated the Univ of MS sets out on a protest walk “March Against Fear” and is shot.
-Dr. MLK Jr., Floyd McKissick of C.O.R.E. and Stokely Carmichael of SNCC, lead other protesters to finish Meredith’s walk.
-Carmichael is arrested along the way and coins the term “Black Power” after being beaten in jail. -
-Huey Newton and Bobby Seale found the Black Panthers in Oakland, CA.
-Simultaneous with shootouts with police and violent protests they establish inner city daycare centers, free breakfast and medical programs and homeless assistance to serve the ghetto populations. -
Martin Luther King Jr. was assassinated in Memphis, Tennessee, on April 4, 1968, an event that sent shock waves reverberating around the world. A Baptist minister and founder of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference, King had led the civil rights movement since the mid-1950s