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Jim Crow Laws
- Controlled how African Americans acted
- Segregation
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Montgomery Bus Boycott
-protested segregated seating
-Rosa Parks refused to give up her seat for a white person -
Freedom Riders
-A group of civil rights activists rode buses into segregated South States
-wanted to challenge segregation in public (it's unconstitutional) -
March On Washington
-200,000 people came together in DC for a peaceful protest
-tried to force civil rights legislation and establish job equality
-"I Have a Dream Speech" by MLK advanced the movement -
Civil Rights Act
-abolished Jim Crow laws
-ended segregation in public places employment discrimination
-prosecution for voter fraud -
The Voting Rights Act
-illegal to deny any citizen the right to vote based on race
-Abolishes Jim Crow Laws ** “Many of the issues of civil rights are very complex and most difficult. But about this there can and should be no argument: Every American citizen must have an equal right to vote. There is no reason which can excuse the denial of that right. There is no duty which weighs more heavily on us than the duty we have to ensure that right.” -
Malcolm X Assassination
-Founder of the Afro-American Unity Organization
-Assassinated at a rally -
Fair Housing Act
-made housing discrimination illegal -
Martin Luther King Jr. Assassination
-MLK pivotal figure in the Civil Rights Movement
-MLK was in Memphis to support sanitation workers rights
-Shot off of his balcony in Memphis -
Black Panther Party Created
-created to protect African American for violence
-evolved into a extreme group of revolutionaries who despised the government -
Chicago 7 Acquitted
-7 African American activists were accused of crossing state lines to start riots
-biased trial with a jury of 10 white people and 2 African Americans -
First African American to Campaign for President
-Shirley Chisolm
-campaigned for democratic presidential nomination -
Equality Act
-Amended the Civil Rights Act
-Got rid of racial discrimination -
First Black Miss America
-Vannessa Williams (successful singer/actress) -
First Black Secretary of State
-Collin Powell appointed by George W. Bush
-served 4 years -
First Black President
-Obama served 2 terms (2009-2017)
-democratic
-signed the Affordable Care Act -
Affordable Care Act
-signed by Obama
-helps bring down medical costs
-provides more insurance coverage for uninsured people -
BLM Movement
-sparked by George Floyd's death
-protests for racial justice
-advocating for the end of systemic/interpersonal oppression ** https://youtu.be/bFLmSh0Nxx8?si=0RLMcRZ5hMuDQMjK -
First Female Black Vice President
-Kamala Harris
-expanded mental health services
-made healthcare more affordable ** “Vice President Harris is laying out an agenda to give Black men the tools to build wealth and achieve financial freedom, lower costs for themselves and their families, and protect their rights” -
Lynching is a Federal Crime
-Joe Biden signed the Anti Lynching Act