Cold War

By ebo3k

  • The House of Un-American Activities Committee founded

  • Red Army liberates eastern Slovakia

  • Red Army enters Hungary

  • Tito's Partisans and Soviet forces liberate Belgrade/ Yugoslavia

  • Period: to

    Cold War

  • Bretton Woods conference

  • Red Army enters eastern Poland

  • Percentages Agreement

  • Failed Warsaw Uprising by Communist Home Army

  • Red Army liberates Warsaw

  • Yalta Conference

  • Budapest falls to the Soviets

  • Roosevelt dies

  • Prague Uprising; Red Army enters and liberates Prague.

  • First US Atomic bomb tested and Churchill loses election

  • Potsdam Conference

  • Hiroshima and Nagasaki

  • UN created

  • Iran Crisis

  • Chinese Civil war (Jiang Jieshi's Nationalist Kuomintang vs Mao's CCP) with USA & USSR backing both sides.

  • Kennan's Long Telegram

  • Iron Curtain speech

  • Strategic Air Command for air defense set up in USA in response to growing nuclear threat.

  • German Social Democrats and Communist parties of East Germany were merged= German Socialist Unity party.

  • Bizonia created

  • Moscow Conference on Germany's future which resulted in no agreements

  • Clayton reported on the state of Europe

  • Truman Doctrine announced

  • The USA gave $400 million in aid to Greece and Turkey as part of the Truman Doctrine.

  • Marshall Plan announced (ERP) $13.3bn given to 16 European countries

  • London conference on Germany's future also failed

  • Hollywood ten convicted for a year and blacklisted, for refusing to speak about communist activity in court.

  • Deutschmark introduced in West Germany

  • Berlin Blockade in response to new currency

  • West Germany would get its own constitution

  • Trizonia formed

  • NATO created

  • FRG joins Council of Europe

  • Berlin Blockade lifted.

  • First Soviet A-bomb test.

  • CCP wins: People's Republic of China

  • East Germany got new constitution allowing for 1 party state

  • Stalin agrees to give N.Korea arms

  • Alger Hiss (State Department official) convicted for perjury: denying passing information to Whittaker Chambers.

  • Defensive Perimeter Strategy announced by US Secretary of State Dean Acheson. It excluded Taiwan & S.Korea

  • Sino-Soviet Treaty of Friendship, Alliance, and Mutual Assistance

  • NSC-68 resolution is issued: Review of USA's strategic and security objectives.

  • N.Korea invades South & captures Seoul

  • UN intervenes (US-led) – USSR absent from Security Council over China.

  • Inchon landings: MacArthur pushes North Korea past 38th parallel

  • UN troops reach Yalu River – China enters war.

  • China pushes UN forces back, re-takes Seoul.

  • MacArthur dismissed by Truman for insubordination.

  • Stalemate for 3 years

  • The San Francisco Treaty was lenient on Japan, benefiting the USA. China and the USSR didn’t sign.

  • US-Japan Security Treaty signed, Allowing USA to put bases in Japan.

  • Stalin dies

  • Castro failed in attacking the Moncada Barracks. Incited the 26th July movement.

  • Panmunjom Armistice Agreement signed – Korea remains divided at the 38th Parallel.

  • USA funded 75% of French trying to control Indochina

  • USA tested lithium based H-Bomb=1500x Little boy

  • Domino Theory popularised by Eisenhower

  • Geneva Conference: French withdrew from Vietnam and it was divided at 17th parallel.

  • SEATO created in response to Sino-Soviet alliance.

  • Us senate voted McCarthy bringing body into disrepute

  • West Germany joins NATO

  • Warsaw Pact created in response to West Germany joining NATO

  • Austrian State Treaty signed: All occupying forces withdrawn and it becomes neutral.

  • Brinkmanship popularised by John Foster Dulles (Secretary of State)

  • Krushchev's secret speech

  • Hungary protests grew into revolution as Nagy took power and Soviets briefly withdrew.

  • Poland gained limited reforms under Gomułka after protests/uprising as Khrushchev allowed change to avoid conflict while keeping Poland in the Soviet sphere.

  • Nagy announced Hungary's freedom from Warsaw and neutrality.

  • Soviet troops entered Hungary, crushed rising and installed Kadar as leader

  • USSR test 1st ICBM

  • Soviets first to put satellite into orbit.

  • Laika the the dog launched into orbit via Sputnik II

  • USSR issued ultimatum: withdraw from west Berlin and it becomes free city

  • Batista overthrown by Castro

  • Soviets send 1st rocket to the moon

  • Castro introduced new Agrarian reforms which seized US properties in Cuba.

  • Khrushchev visits the USA

  • Soviet 1st Deputy premier Anastas Mikoyan visited Cuba. $100mn trade agreement: sugar for crude oil.

  • First shipment of crude oil which US companies refused to refine. Castro nationalised them

  • U2 spy plane shot down and Paris summit collapses before discussion

  • Castro seized $1bn worth of US assets in response to 95% tariffs on sugar.

  • NLF established in South Vietnam to free it from US influence and unify Vietnam.

  • Soviets put the first person in space

  • Bay of Pigs invasion

  • US-Cuba relations collapse upon asking us embassy to downsize to 11 people

  • A physical border began being erected in Berlin to stop brain drain.

  • Operation Mongoose: CIA op approved by JFK to overthrow Castro. Involved assassination attempts, propaganda, espionage.

  • China has border dispute with India

  • Strategic Hamelet Program: armed stockades housing rural peasants

  • Operation Quick Kick: US military exercises in the Caribbean

  • Operation Anadyr: Soviets gave Cuba nukes, 14,000 troops, planes and bombers.

  • U2 plane picks up missiles in Cuba.

  • Formation of EXCOMM (Executive Committee of the National Security Council).

  • JFK publicises nukes in Cuba: announces naval quarantine and military at DEFCON 3

  • Naval blockade implemented and military at DEFCON 2. Soviet ships stop or u turn

  • Khrushchev writes to JFK promising to withdraw in return for guarantee of Cuba's safety.

  • U2 shot down & Rudolf Anderson dies. Tensions peak

  • Kennedy agrees to deal as long as USA quietly removes missiles.

  • New letter from Khrushchev also requesting withdrawal of nukes from Turkey.

  • Kruschev agrees to JFK'S terms

  • Buddhist protests erupt after being banned from flying flags

  • NSC Net evaluation subcommittee report

    estimated that nuclear war would result in 93 million dead.

  • Moscow-Washington hotline

  • Moscow test ban treaty signed

  • Buddhist monk (Thich Quang) set himself on fire in protest at Saigon

  • JFK administration very dissatisfied with Diem

  • South Vietnam rebel generals staged a coup. Kinda sus

  • Diem and brother Nhu were assassinated

  • OPLAN 34A - Covert ops in North Vietnam approved by LBKJ

  • China and Soviets provided the North Vietnamese with armaments until 1969

    (SAMs, China gave 140,000 guns, artillery and MIG 21 jets)

  • China tests first nuke

  • China wanted a part of Siberia which was refused

  • Gulf of Tonkin incident

  • Gulf of Tonkin Resolution

  • Khrushchev resigns

  • Malinovsky incident

  • Operation rolling thunder initiated until 1968

  • First US troops arrive near Da Nang

  • Ia Drang valley

    Ia Drang valley battle with USA losing 300 Viets lost 2-3000. Viets still believed they won for holding position and USA THOUGHT THEY WON

  • Tet offensive

  • Prague Spring

  • Novotny replaced by Dubcek as leader of Czechoslovakia

  • LBJ announced he would not stand for reelection

  • LBJ announces plans for peace

  • My Lai Massacre

  • Paris Peace talks begin

  • Nuclear non proliferation treaty signed.

  • Warsaw invaded Czechoslovakia.

  • Paris Peace talks reach a stalemate

    S. Vietnam critical of NLF representation

  • Nixon took office and promised to end war

  • Military offensive in Cambodia

  • Soviet border patrol near Zhenbao island ambushed by Chinese

  • Gustav Husak replaces Dubcek - Soviet troops still occupying.

  • Vietnamisation announced by Nixon

  • Kissinger visits Beijing

  • Le Duc Tho and Kissinger discussed coalition gov in S Vietnam- US refused

  • Lon Nol comes to power in Cambodia

  • USA deployed 20,000 troops to fight Khmer Rouge and Pol Pot

  • Nixon announces withdrawal of 150,000 troops in South Vietnam within a year.

  • Gulf of Tonkin resolution revoked

  • Operation Lan Som 719 (Laos)

    ARVN invasion with USA air support to disrupt supplies through the Ho Chinh Minh trail- 30,000 attacked and failed.

  • Sino-American summit

  • N. Vietnam moderated position on Thieu's removal, to continue peace talks