-
The Egypyians had supposedly formulated the theory of what was called the "Ogdoad". The Ogdoad had consisted of four Gods. Each pair was male and female, and they had four creative powers or sources. The Egyptians believed that these forces had exsisted before the creation of the sun.
-
Supposedly, there was a semi-mythical Egyptian king, who had supposedly founded the art of alchemy. Alchemy is: The medieval forerunner of chemistry, concerned with the transmutation of matter, in particular with attempts to convert base metals into gold or find a universal elixir. So basically, this Egyptian king somehow knew how to convert metals into gold.
-
Empedocles was a Greek pre-Socratic philosopher and a citizen of Agrigentum, a Greek city in Sicily. Empedocles said that all things have four elements. These are: earth, fire, air and water.
-
Democritus was an Ancient Greek philosopher born in Abdera, Thrace, Greece. He was an influential philosopher who had thought of the idea of an atomic theory for the universe.
-
Aristotle was a Greek philosopher. Aristotle wrote about things such as physics, metaphysics, poetry, theater, music, logic, rhetoric, linguistics, politics, government, ethics, biology, and zoology. He had thought of the five elements that make up the world such as; fire, water, earth, air, and ether.
-
Robert Boyle proposes Boyle's Law on the behavior of gases
-
Phosphorus was discovered by a German merchant and amateur alchemist Hennig Brand attempted to created a Philosopher’s Stone. This was supposeldy where an object could turn metals into gold. To prove his theory, he heated up some remains of boiled urine, and a liquid dropped out and burst into flames. This was the first discovery of phosphorus.
-
Between the year of 1735 and 1952, many, or if not, all of the priodic elements were discoevred by many people. There are still many elements that are still unknown to us, and there will be many still to be discovered.
-
Antoine Lavoisier recognizes and names oxygen, and recognizes its importance and role in combustion.
-
Chemist John Newlands divided the discovered 56 elements into 11 groups, based on characteristics.
-
In 1869, a Russian Chemist called Dimitri Mendeleev started the development of the Periodic table. He had started to arrange the periodic elements by their atomic mass.
-
French physicist Antoine Bequerel first discovers radioactivity. Thomson student from New Zealand Ernest Rutherford named three types of radiation; alpha, beta and gamma rays. They discovered that beta particles were negatively charged.
-
Sir William Ramsay and Lord Rayleigh discovered the noble gases These were added to the periodic table as group 0.
-
English physicist J. J. Thomson first discovered electrons. He found out that electrons were mall negatively charged particles in an atom. From this information that he had gathered, John Townsend and Robert Millikan then found out their exact change, and also mass.
-
Bequerel discovered that electrons and beta particles as identified by the Curies are the same thing.
-
Rutherford announced that radioactivity is caused by the breakdown of atoms.
-
Rutherford and German physicist Hans Geiger discovered that electrons orbit the nucleus of an atom.
-
Bohr discovered that electrons move around a nucleus in discrete energy called orbitals. Radiation is emitted during movement from one orbital to another.
-
English physicist Henry Moseley provided atomic numbers, based on the number of electrons in an atom, rather than based on atomic mass.
-
James Chadwick first discovered neutrons, and isotopes were identified.
-
Glenn Seaborg identified lanthanides and actinides.