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Johann Amos Comenius was a Czech educator. He wrote the first picture book for children called Orbis Pictus (The World of PIctures). The book was a guide for teachers including training the senses and nature study. He said learning should be using the principles of nature, also stressing the concept of learning by doing, and interactions with other people.
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The founder of modern education philosophy. His theory was based on the scientific method and the study of the mind and learning. Locke believed in the concept of Tabula Rasa, belief that the child is born neutral, rather than evil, being "fresh", having the experience of parents, society, and the world give their education. He would observe one child at a time instead of a group to see their education. He says that all teachers should work through senses to reach children understanding.
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Jean-Jacques Rosseau believed children are naturally good and learn best through their own experiences. He said education should follow a child's natural growth, interests, and stages of development. Classrooms should be flexible , allow freedom and play, and use hands-on materials instead of abstract ideas for young children.
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Friedrich Wilhelm Froebel is known as the "Father of Kindergarten". He focused on the foundation of the education development system for young kids. He thought school should be a fun experience so he founded the Play and Activity Institute.
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Johann Heinrich Pestalozzi was a Swiss educator who believed education should develop the whole child. He focused on learning through the senses and nature. He supported caring for children while teaching basic skills. Believing teachers should guide children and use hands-on learning, group teaching, and good curriculum. His ides helped shape early childhood education and are still used today.
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German was the first country to have kindergarten. Kindergarten has gone through many social changes throughout the years. At first it was for poor students and then it went to be led by churches. The kindergarten we know today is the first grade that students enter when they go to school to help them become more independent and prepared for the following grades.
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Robert Owen was concerned about the families working in the cotton mills of Wales, he had labor practices for the workers and provided schooling for the children. He believed people were naturally good but ruined by harsh environment and poor treatment. He didn't support child labor, he stopped the employment of children younger than 10 years of age, and sent younger children to nursery and infant schools that he built. Moving to different countries which opened infant schools for 5-8 year olds.
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Rudolf Stiener created Waldorf Education. He believed childhood is very important and should be protected. Learning should focus on the whole child, including imagination, creativity, and spiritual growth. Teachers guide and support children instead of forcing learning. Playing is very important, and children should learn at their own pace. Too much media like TV and ads should be avoided.
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Maria Montessori was the first woman in Italy to be granted a medical degree. She spent her time studying children, through diseases, intellectual disabilities found education more appealing.
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Sputnik was a Soviet satellite and the worlds first successful exploration of space. Caused a huge change in educational aspects, Americans were focused on what the Soviets were learning. Such things as engineering, science and math.
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A. S Neill known as Alexander Sutherland Neill was famous for the free/natural school movement. Alexander wrote a book called SummerHill describing his experience of the education program where he was the head master. In his school, children were in charge of themselves and earned equal rights with adults proving to be therapeutic for most.
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Nursery Schools foster children's total development. Nursery Schools did not assist poor families so children were enrolled from middle to upper class homes.
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Head Start had the educational aspects of preventing "war on poverty". Goal being to help less fortunate preschool children. Providing them with educational, medical, social, nutritional, and mental services.
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Technology and media are a big part of kids lives today and affect how they learn and grow. While technology can be helpful, too much of it can push kids to grow up too fast and cause stress. Childhood is important and should be protected. Children have the right to enjoy being kids and not be rushed into adulthood.
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Social Reform was put in place so schooling has a social change on children. It improves children's physical well being and overall health along with education
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High scope is an early childhood education model made to help children affected by poverty. It focuses on thinking skills and learning by doing. Studies showed it works from preschool through third grade. The program teaches all areas of development and includes a planned classroom setup and daily routine. Highscope has had strong, positive long-term effects on preschool education.
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The leave no Child behind reauthorized federal programs to improve public school performance, requiring that all Public schools receiving federal funds to have a statewide standardized test to all students, giving an annual report card detailing progress. Wanting teachers that are highly qualified for minimum qualifications for all students.
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Good teaching uses developmentally appropriate practice (DAP), which means teaching in ways that fit how children grow and learn. Teachers should support play, focus, and real learning. Teaching is a professional responsibility that includes standing up for children and public education. Good teachers care about students, help them grow as individuals, and speak up for what is best for children
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Establishes recommended standards standards and policies, with a 4-step process.