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king of france, nicknamed citizen king
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in england - children under age of 9 couldnt work in factory
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this thing that prussia did to help unite Germany economically i think...... abolished tariffs - improved trade - helped for german unification later
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a mass workers movement in britain - wanted universal male suffrage and basically just to give workers a voice and to pass reforms
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timespan is approx - 60mil ppl moving around, going to austrialia south america us - many reasons - fleeing war famine job opportunities all that good stuff - also because people had the freedomm to movie!
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workers in france protested and rose up against France's second republic - the second republic were going to close the national workshops, so the june days were a bloody, violent response to that
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monarchs supressing the revolutions of 1848!!!
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overthrew the july monarchy and established teh second french republic - king louis phillipe abdicated and napoleon III became pres
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a period of revolutions - liberal and nationalist ones - austria germany italy - wanted constitutional monarch freedoms unification - violent - inspired by feb in france - happened independently, not done by the same groups even though they happened one after another - partially successful, some govs passed reforms but didn't last
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russia vs like everyone else - there were religious issues and expansionism issues too also russia wanted crimean peninsula- women became army nurses during this war (florence nightingale) - russia lost, black sea neutralized/demilitarized, crimean peninsula was still russian, but russia had to give up some of its territories, ottoman empire preserved
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passed many reforms
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meant to get austria out of italy - piedmont sardinia and napoleon iii teamed up against austria, but then napoleon iii was like nah and let austria keep venetia
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Tsar Alexander II abolishes serfdom in Russia
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thank you guiseppe garbaldi - wasnt really complete until about 1871 when rome joined
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dutch and prussia
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this revolutionized communicaitona nd connected britain and us
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weakened austria significantly and ultimately led to austro hungary dual monarchy
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This was done after austro Prussia war to help restrengthen Austria and to give Hungary the independence that they so desired
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timespan is approx but this is europe diving up and colonizing africa - economic reasons, wanted the most power/biggest empire, and social darwinism as reasons. they wanted raw materials and markets, and also thought that they were doing good by "civilizing" africans
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organized by bismarck - all the major european pwoers discussed to peacefully divide up africa - and it worked!! it was only once things were divided that things got a little tense - like when britain and france both wanted that one area idk but then france gave it up and they made an alliance bc france was scared of germanys increasing power