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Became the "Father" of Toxicology inventing and developing methods of systematic identification of Poisen. Made it possible to detect if someone were or was poisoned. -
First invented by William Nicol, the Microscope helped trace evidence in some cases.
Other Scientists/Inventors would later improve the microscope multiple times. -
2 tests were made to test drugs in 2 forms: powder and inside you such as urine. A color test also determined/classed what drug it was if present in your system and a Spectroscopy. -
Around 1850, Gustav Kirchhoff and Robert Bunsen developed the Spectroscopy which helped look into bodily fluids and drugs.
It also even helped look through blood samples and helped with some crime cases and improved. -
In 1882 during 19th century, French criminologist Alphonse Bertillon to be used on measuring a beings body and photographs.
It did also include finger prints and measurements of certain body parts to mugshots, it would be later replaced by Bertillonage System. -
Uses FBI's (NGI) system to compare prints to people to prints in known databases. It also linked Fingerprint DNA to a case if it links to the suspect or detectable. -
The first blood spatter tests were first made/done in 1895, but did later improve to 1970s. The test focused on how the blood formed, spread, and moved. -
It was the first time a criminal was actually convicted using fingerprinting evidence. Rojas was convicted of murdering her 2 children then hurting her throat to switch the blame on a outside attacker. DNA finger print analysis later revealed she killed them her self. -
Became the "Father" of Forensics developing handwriting/document identification. And published a forensics book "Questioned Documents" with 2 editions. -
The first ever case to convict someone w/ trace evidence tracing back to the boyfriend. The trace evidence convicted the boyfriend to murder, the case was named "French Sherlock Holmes". -
During WWI, Sir, Harold Gillies Developed facial reconstruction treating the soldiers injuries.
It would later become the foundation in plastic/ reconstruction surgery. -
The first ever body autopsy was on Julius Caesar in 44 B.C.E but was later adapted in around 1915. It later became permanent in New York in around 1918. -
In 1925, he co-established a institution to identifying firearms and ballistics research. He did soon perfect the research institution. -
It first began in the 1900s but later got fully established in 1925 in New York by Bureau of Forensics. It helped link casings to a certain firearm if involved in a case. -
CCTV were first made/published in 1927. They were used to monitor visitors and even missile launches, they have helped solving some crimes and even cases. -
The first non-violent interrogation techniques were first made in 1940, and then the Reid technique was to force them into a confession. It did become a "gold standard" and is widely still used to this day. -
Around 1980, they were both murdered and a DNA screening did exonerate the first suspect. After a thurough DNA analysis convicting Colin Pitchfork marking it the first ever DNA profiling case. -
DNA profiling was a major help in forensic science, it helped link suspects to evidence and or a case. It also used Polymerase Chain to analyze biological samples. (Blood, Semen, Saliva) -
In 1986, McGuire Seven were wrongfully convicted of IRA terrorism w/o forensic scientists. No forensic scientists were present besides Crown scientists that later falsely presented evidence/testimony.