Greece & Etruria Timeline

By bibi_x777
  • Geometric Period(Greek Art), Greek, Attic, Attributed to the Hirschfeld Workshop, Terracotta Krater, ca. 750-735 BCE, Terracotta, H. 42 3/8 in. (108.3cm), D. 28 1/2 in. (72.4 cm), The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York.
    735 BCE

    Geometric Period(Greek Art), Greek, Attic, Attributed to the Hirschfeld Workshop, Terracotta Krater, ca. 750-735 BCE, Terracotta, H. 42 3/8 in. (108.3cm), D. 28 1/2 in. (72.4 cm), The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York.

    This terracotta Krater is an important example of the Geometric period, known for its geometric patterns and human figures. Large vases like this served as funerary monuments and grave markers, reflecting the Greek funerary traditions and beliefs of honoring the dead. The scene in the vase shows the deceased family mourning, chariots, and soldiers showcasing the deceased's status, ancestry, and social identity. This artwork shows the important Greek beliefs of honoring the dead with pottery art.
  • Etruscan Art( Orientalizing Period), The Parade Fibula from the Regolini Galasi Tomb, ca. 675-650 BCE, gold (filigree, repose, chasing, granulation), 31.5 cm, Vatican Museums, Vatican City
    675 BCE

    Etruscan Art( Orientalizing Period), The Parade Fibula from the Regolini Galasi Tomb, ca. 675-650 BCE, gold (filigree, repose, chasing, granulation), 31.5 cm, Vatican Museums, Vatican City

    The Parade Fibula reflects the Etruscan Orientalizing period, it showcases the ANE artistic styles and metalworking techniques. The use of gold demonstrates the high level of craftsmanship and wealth the Etruscans had. The Parade Fibula was placed in the Regolini Galassi tomb which reveals the emphasize of how objects displayed social status and power.
  • Etruscan Art(Archaic period), Terracotta Vase in the Shape of a Cockerel, ca. 650-600 BCE, terracotta(bucchero), 10.31 cm., The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York
    650 BCE

    Etruscan Art(Archaic period), Terracotta Vase in the Shape of a Cockerel, ca. 650-600 BCE, terracotta(bucchero), 10.31 cm., The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York

    The Terracotta Vase in the Shape of a Cockerel reflects Etruscan art as it showcases the preference of terracotta ceramics, and use of functional objects by the Etruscans. The vase was used as an ink container and has inscribed with the Etruscan alphabet. The use of bucchero pottery demonstrates the material and technique used by the Etruscan artisans and reflects their craftsmanship, literacy and daily life use.
  • Orientalizing Period(Greek Art), Corinthian, Corinthian Aryballos, ca. 600-550 BCE, Terracotta, H. 11.4 cm, D. 9.5 cm, CU Art Museum, University of Colorado Boulder.
    600 BCE

    Orientalizing Period(Greek Art), Corinthian, Corinthian Aryballos, ca. 600-550 BCE, Terracotta, H. 11.4 cm, D. 9.5 cm, CU Art Museum, University of Colorado Boulder.

    The Corinthian Aryballos represents the Orientalizing period, it shows visual decorative influences from the ANE with distinctive art elements like floral, faunal, mythical creatures. This vessel shows animal frieze of two sirens, a duck, and a griffin which were common characteristics of this period and ANE influence. The Corinthian Aryballos was a small oil jar used by athletes to adorn their body with oil before and after training. Reflects the daily life and culture in Ancient Greece.
  • Archaic Period(Greek Art), Marble Statue of Kouros(New York Kouros), ca. 590-580 BCE, marble, 194.6x51.6x63.2 cm, The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York.
    590 BCE

    Archaic Period(Greek Art), Marble Statue of Kouros(New York Kouros), ca. 590-580 BCE, marble, 194.6x51.6x63.2 cm, The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York.

    The Marble Statue of Kouros represents the Archaic period, the sculpture emphasizes the characteristics of rigid pose, naturalistic, idealized human proportions, and frontal standing nude pose. Kouros statues served as grave markers, symbolizing young men of noble rank. Sculpture shows Greek ideals of youth, strength, and athleticism. Depicting that the deceased was honorable and wealthy. Sculpture shows how Greeks studied human form while incorporating cultural values, beauty and social status.
  • Early Classical Period(Greek Art), Polykleitos, Doryphoros (Spear Bearer), ca. 450-440 BCE, original bronze (Roman marble replica), 6ft 11in., National Archaeological Museum
    450 BCE

    Early Classical Period(Greek Art), Polykleitos, Doryphoros (Spear Bearer), ca. 450-440 BCE, original bronze (Roman marble replica), 6ft 11in., National Archaeological Museum

    The Spear Bearer Doryphoros represents the Early Classical period, it demonstrates the Greeks severe style, ideal human proportions, and proportionate beauty. Sculpture showcases the contrapposto pose, where weight shifts to one leg creating an s curve and more realistic movement. The contrapposto pose was preferred as it created a natural balance pose that reflected their beliefs in harmony, ideal human body and the perfection of the human body. This sculpture reflects just that.
  • High Classical Period(Greek Art), Iktinos and Kallikrates, Parthenon, ca. 447-432 BCE, marble temple, 228 ft. x 101 ft., Acropolis, Athens, Greece.
    447 BCE

    High Classical Period(Greek Art), Iktinos and Kallikrates, Parthenon, ca. 447-432 BCE, marble temple, 228 ft. x 101 ft., Acropolis, Athens, Greece.

    The Parthenon temple represents the high classical period and reflects the Greek characteristics of perfect harmony, balance, and ideal proportions. Built from marble. The temple includes architectural elements such as the placement of metopes and triglyphs that created visual balance. This temple was dedicated to the goddess Athena, her cult statue placed in the front, demonstrating the architectural and religious beliefs from this period.
  • Etruscan Art (Classical Period), Chimera of Arezzo, ca. 400-350 BCE, bronze sculpture (cast bronze) 129 cm, National Archaeological Museum, Florence, Italy.
    400 BCE

    Etruscan Art (Classical Period), Chimera of Arezzo, ca. 400-350 BCE, bronze sculpture (cast bronze) 129 cm, National Archaeological Museum, Florence, Italy.

    The Chimera of Arezzo is one of the best known Etruscan piece to survive from antiquity. It is made out of bronze which reflects the Classical Period of Etruscan Art. The statue is a mythological chimera, a mythological Greek animal and demonstrates how the Greek culture influenced the Etruscan artists. The Chimera sculpture functions as a votive offering dedicated to the Etruscan god Tinia. Showcases religion and craftsmanship of the Etruscan people.
  • Late Classical Period(Greek Art), Lysippos, Apoxyomenos(Scrapper), ca. 350-325 BCE (Roman Copy c. 50 CE0, marble sculpture, 6ft 9in, Vatican Museums
    350 BCE

    Late Classical Period(Greek Art), Lysippos, Apoxyomenos(Scrapper), ca. 350-325 BCE (Roman Copy c. 50 CE0, marble sculpture, 6ft 9in, Vatican Museums

    The Scrapper represents the late classical period because you can see the change from high classical sculpture to a more naturalistic figure. The sculpture depicts a young athlete scraping oil from his body after exercise. Reflects the importance of athletic culture in greek. Lysippos shows the new canon proportions of sculptures during this period with smaller heads, taller bodies, creating a more realistic and expressive representation of the human form and softness expressions.
  • Greek Hellenistic Period(Greek Art), Epigonus(Greek Original), Dying Gaul, ca. 230-220 BCE( Roman marble copy 1st-2nd century ce) marble sculpture, 93cm, Capitoline Museums, Rome
    230 BCE

    Greek Hellenistic Period(Greek Art), Epigonus(Greek Original), Dying Gaul, ca. 230-220 BCE( Roman marble copy 1st-2nd century ce) marble sculpture, 93cm, Capitoline Museums, Rome

    The Dying Gaul represents the Hellenistic period, it emphasizes extreme emotional expression, realism, and extreme dramatic movement and its twisted pose. The Dying Gaul depicts a warrior that is defeated, showcasing suffering and struggle and these are characteristics of Hellenistic art. During this period deep carving was used to intensify storytelling, the expressive expression, carving, and twisted pose demonstrates the expressive style of this period.