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Sparked by "Bloody Sunday," where imperial guards fired on unarmed protesters, this uprising forced Tsar Nicholas II to concede to the creation of the Duma (parliament). While it didn't end the monarchy, it was the "great dress rehearsal" for the events of 1917 -
The February Revolution: Overthrew the Romanov dynasty and established a Provisional Government.
The October Revolution: The Bolsheviks, led by Vladimir Lenin, seized power, leading to the creation of the world's first socialist state. -
After a brutal Civil War between the "Reds" (Bolsheviks) and "Whites" (anti-communists), the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics was officially established, centralizing power in Moscow. -
Under Joseph Stalin’s rule, a campaign of political repression and terror resulted in the execution or imprisonment of millions of "enemies of the state." This solidified Stalin's absolute control over the Communist Party and the military. -
This is the Russian term for the Eastern Front of WWII. Despite losing an estimated 27 million people, the Soviet Union's victory over Nazi Germany transformed it into one of the world's two global superpowers. -
US Marines and Army forces endure a brutal retreat while fighting through Chinese encirclement in severe winter conditions. -
UN and ROK forces make a last stand, defending the southeast corner of the peninsula against North Korean -
The Korean People's Army (KPA) crosses the 38th parallel, launching a full-scale invasion of South Korea. -
The UN authorizes military aid to South Korea, with Gen. MacArthur named Commander of UN forces. -
MacArthur executes a surprise amphibious landing at Incheon, reversing the war's momentum. -
UN forces push north into North Korea, heading towards the Yalu River. -
China enters the war with 200,000 "volunteers," launching a massive counter-offensive that pushes UN forces back. -
UN forces conduct a massive, successful seaborne evacuation of troops and 98,000 refugees. -
Following a return to the 38th parallel, both sides engage in intense fighting for tactical, "punchbowl" hills, while negotiations begin at Kaesong. -
A truce is signed at Panmunjom, establishing the Korean Demilitarized Zone (DMZ) near the 38th parallel, but not a formal peace treaty. -
with help from the u.s. Ngo Dinh Diem, becomes president of south Vietnam.
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a communist insurgency began in the south, supported by north vietnam.
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The Soviet Union shocked the world by launching the first artificial satellite into orbit. This event kicked off the Space Race and demonstrated the USSR's advanced scientific and military capabilities during the Cold War. -
The closest the world ever came to nuclear war. The standoff between Nikita Khrushchev and John F. Kennedy over Soviet missiles in Cuba led to a "hotline" between Moscow and Washington and the beginning of efforts toward nuclear arms control. -
As the U.S. presence of military advisors grows, President Diem's government is overthrown in a U.S.-backed coup.
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Following the Gulf of Tonkin incident, in which North Vietnamese boats allegedly attack two U.S. destroyers.
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President Johnson deploys the first U.S. combat troops to Vietnam. Operation Rolling Thunder, a sustained bombing campaign against North Vietnam, also begins.
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The number of U.S. troops in Vietnam increases, reaching 400,000 by year's end.
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The Tet Offensive, a series of surprise attacks by North Vietnamese forces on over 100 cities in South Vietnam.
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President Johnson halts bombing of North Vietnam and announces he will not run for re-election.
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The My Lai Massacre occurs, in which U.S. soldiers kill hundreds of unarmed Vietnamese civilians.
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President Richard Nixon begins a policy of "Vietnamization" to gradually withdraw U.S. troops and shift combat responsibility to the South Vietnamese army.
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The Khmer Rouge, following Pol Pot's extremist ideology, aimed to create a classless, agrarian society free of foreign influence. -
As the regime descended into paranoia, the Khmer Rouge turned on its own members. -
The Khmer Rouge captured Cambodia's capital. -
Pol Pot initiated a complete social reset, aiming to erase all of Cambodia's traditions and rebuild a new revolutionary culture from scratch. -
The Khmer Rouge marched two million Phnom Penh residents and inhabitants of other cities into the countryside. -
Anyone with an education or a connection to the former government was a target for extermination. -
A former high school in Phnom Penh was converted into the notorious Security Prison 21 (S-21). -
The regime systematically executed citizens at hundreds of sites known as the Killing Fields. -
he regime's disastrous economic policies led to severe food shortages. -
The Khmer Rouge's brutal cross-border raids provoked Vietnam, which invaded Cambodia in December 1978. Within weeks, Vietnamese forces captured Phnom Penh, toppling the regime and ending the genocide in January 1979 -
Often called the "Soviet Union’s Vietnam," this decade-long conflict drained the Soviet economy and demoralized the military, contributing significantly to the eventual collapse of the state. -
Mikhail Gorbachev introduced these policies of "restructuring" and "openness" to modernize the failing Soviet system. Instead, they inadvertently loosened the state's grip on power, leading to a surge in nationalism across Soviet republics. -
Following a failed coup attempt by hardliners, the USSR officially ceased to exist on December 25, 1991. The Russian Federation emerged as the successor state, led by its first president, Boris Yeltsin. -
I took my first breath.
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I learn fundamental learning concepts and mortar skills that I use every day.
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I had the best teacher I've had to this day and still have a stuffed checkered moose head form her class.
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in the sixth grade I broke my arm skiing in Alyeska and got a lime green cast.
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Over the summer I worked at as a deckhand at a lodge and on a fishing boat.