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In December 1952, London had a severe air pollution event that was caused by their coal factories. This caused an acid fog that almost blocked all visibility and lasted 5 days. This killed roughly 4,000 people. This causes the London Clear Air Acts in 1956 and 1968. It also led to the London (Various Powers) Act in 1954.
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Minamata disease is a neurological disease caused by severe mercury poisoning, as was found in 1956. It affected marine biology by poisoning the water they lived in and affected land creatures the same way
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Rachel Carson released Silent Spring on September 27, 1962. It accused a pesticide company that used DDT during WWII, calling them out for spreading misinformation, as well as the government for accepting the company’s claims so easily.
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• Oil was frequently dumped here based on what you can read about it since it wasn’t the first time the river had burned. People saw the water pollution as necessary because of the growing industry. People played over 100 million dollars for the cleanup, and that brought much better river conditions within the last few decades.
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In 1972 the United Nations on the human environment in Stockholm was the first conference to make the environment an issue. It placed 26 principals to put the environment at the forefront of international concerns. They were going to, start a global environment program, start Environmental management activities, and international measures to support assessment manage activities on a national and international level.
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The Endangered Species Act of 1973 protected species that are on the verge of going extinct. This preserved some ecosystems because the food chain did not get disrupted by a major species dying
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Love Canal was a model community neighborhood in Niagara Falls, New York that was the sight of a environmental disaster in 1977. A bunch of toxic, deadly chemicals were dumped into an abandoned canal nearby, causing the residents to suffer from leukemia and high white blood cell counts.
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On the 3rd of December in 1984, over 500,000 people who were within the vicinity of Union Carbide India Limited pesticide plant became exposed to the toxic gas methyl isocyanate. It’s considered the world’s worst industrial disaster.
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• In April 1986. They did a routine shutdown which caused a surge and caused a chemical explosion releasing 520 radio nuclides into the atmosphere. The explosion spread the contamination across large parts of the Soviet Union. Many things turned radioactive. 8.4 million people reported getting contaminated by it. The United Nations came together and decided to do a long-term developmental approach instead of emergency humanitarian assistance.
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This was a protocol that was an agreement globally to protect the ozone layer. This was done by phasing out ODS (ozone depleting substances). This was finalized in 1987
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• In 1991, During the war in the middle east, Iraqi forces set fire to over 700 oil wells as a last-ditch revenge act. 300 oil lakes formed, contaminated the soil. Smoke clouds that stretched for nearly 800 miles. Crude oil even got dumped into the Persian Gulf,, making a slick for 9 miles long.
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The Kyoto Protocol is an international treaty that extended the 1992 UNFCCC that commits state parties to reduce their emissions, due to the agreement that global warming is human driven.
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• Oil was frequently dumped here based on what you can read about it since it wasn’t the first time the river had burned. People saw the water pollution as necessary because of the growing industry. People played over 100 million dollars for the cleanup, and that brought much better river conditions within the last few decades.
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A film about a former vice president Al Gore to show the problems with global warming. It won the fourth highest grossing documentary of all time. Even goes into talking about how the Government underhand these issues. It’s still even shown in schools and colleges. Showing more people, making more public awareness.
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This started in 2008 on the ban of plastic bags in Rwanda to 2019 to when they banned all single-use plastic items. This is enforced by fining anyone who comes into the country with anything plastic and they then confiscate it.
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• On, Aug 31st, 2014. A 6.0 magnitude earthquake. Struck southeastern Afghanistan. 1,411 at least died from it, over 3,100 injured, 5,400 homes were destroyed. It took rescue services a 12-mile walk with medical equipment on their back to reach survivors because of rocks and debris falling in the way.
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• Summary description: This event was also known as Black Summer. This was one of the most extreme and most damaging fire seasons on record in Australia. These bushfires burnt more than 59 million acres of land and destroyed over 3,000 buildings. It also directly killed 33 people, and the smoke was responsible for 417 additional deaths. This season started early because of the lack of moisture in the soil and the early fires in Central Queensland.
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Canada has added a carbon tax to most people with farmers getting a discounted version of this. Everything from heating buildings to driving vehicles are being taxed in hopes of everything being efficient in its use of greenhouse gases. They are also slowly raising the price to try to instinctive people more. It first started as C$20 per tonne in 2019 and slowly went up in price by C$10 to where in 2022 it was C$50 per tonne.
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In 2023 the removal of the Klamath River Dam was started. It was finally fully removed on August 28, 2024. These dams were removed due to the big ecological damage these dams caused to the surrounding environment. There is proof that shows the planning of this project to remove the dams started in 2002. It was then that the significant damage these dams caused to the fish population in that area were realized.
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• January 16th, 2025. Vistra Energy Storage was a facility holding 300 MW of lithium-ion batteries, that were under risk of thermal run-off. When the facility caught fire, people reported in the nearby area feeling ill. They brought in environmentalist Erin Brockovich, who cited that the soil might have been contaminated in the fire