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Ivan the Terrible was born Ivan IV Vasilyevich. He was born on August 25, 1530, near Moscow. Ivan was the long-awaited son of Vasily III and his second wife, Yelena Glinskaya .
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A conquistador Francisco Pizarro, marched a small force into South America. He conquered the mighty Inca Empire. Pizarro and his army of about 200 met the Inca ruler, Atahulalpa. The army killed the Inca king. The Inca Empire falls to Francisco Pizarro. (World History. Patterns of Interaction)
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The Spanish government did away with the encomienda system. This was because of writings by Las Casas. The colonies needed labor and Las Casas wanted to use Africans. While using Africans as slaves was later rejected, other nations soon used African slaves for labor.
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Copernicus’s sun heliocentric theory did not fully explain why the planets orbited the way they did. Copernicus also knew that most would not believe his theory because of their religion. Right before he died he published a book, On the Revolutions of the Heavenly Bodies.
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Ivan married to Anastasia Romanovna. Anastasia wasthe daughter of Roman Yuriev-Zakharin-Koshkin and Yuliania Fyodorovna. Anastasia became Ivan's bride after an officially announced bride search. Anastasia was one of the few to 'apply'. Ivan fell in love with Anastasia.
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Ivan became the crowned prince at age 3 upon his father's death. Ivan was officially crowned czar of Russia when he was seventeen. Ivan was the first czar of Russia. A czar is a ruler or emperor of Russia.
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Ivan introduced self-government in rural regions. He reformed tax collection, instituted statutory law, and church reform. In 1556, he instituted regulations on the obligations of the boyar class in service of the crown.
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From 1552 and 1556, Ivan's armies defeated the Tartar khanates of Kazan and Astrakhan, respectively. This extended Muscovy control to the Urals in the east and the Caspian Sea in the south. This created a buffer zone against the Mongols.
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As a reforming Pope, Pope Paul IV had a list of books that were thought to be bad for the catholic faith. This list was known as the Index of Forbidden Books. Catholic bishops in Europe had the offensive books collected and burned. The reformation caused the church to start to lose power. Europe was no longer united by religion.
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Elizabeth I returned her kingdom to Protestant. Parliament allowed Elizabeth I to set up a national church. It was the only legal church in England. People had to attend services or pay a fine.
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Ivan's first wife Anastasia died in 1560. Upon the death of his first wife in 1560, Ivan IV went into a deep depression. Anastasia was no longer there to help keep his temper in check. She was the only person that was capable of helping Ivan through his moods. His behavior became more erratic without her.
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The Oprichniki is Ivan the Terrible's secret police force. They dressed in black, the traditional colors of death, and rode black horses. Their symbol was a broom. The broom represented their job of cleaning up those suspected of going against Ivan. The Oprichniki would then take the land of the suspected people and kill them.
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In 1581, Ivan killed his son. In a fit of rage, Ivan got angry and stabbed his son with an iron staff. While Ivan had more than one son, this was the only son with the potential to rule Russia.
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Galileo was watching a chandler swinging. He noticed that each swing of the pendulum took exactly the same amount of time. Galileo discovered the law of the pendulum. This was different than what Aristotle had thought. Galileo proved Aristotle’s theory to be inaccurate.
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Ivan the Terrible beat his pregnant daughter in law. He did this because he found her in her room with a small amount of clothing on. The beating caused a miscarriage.
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Ivan’s health was failing. He called for witches in hopes of finding ways to help him. On March 18, 1584, Ivan the Terrible died from what appeared to be a stroke. He left the country without a strong ruler. His ill prepared son Fyordor became the czar when Ivan died.
