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Period: 4000 BCE to 3000 BCE
Early Beginnings
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3900 BCE
Disease Caused by?
Evil Sprits -
3600 BCE
Treatments For sick?
Tribal doctors preformed ceremonies to exorcise evil spirits -
3100 BCE
Medicines used Today
Digitalis- given in pill form, or injection to treat heart conditions, used to be chewed to slow heart rate
Quinine- comes from a cinchona tree, controls fevers and muscle spasms
Belladonna- atropine made from poisonous nightshade plant, relieve muscle spasms
Morphine- made from opium poppy, used for treating serve pain, is addicting -
Period: 2999 BCE to 399
Ancient Times
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2900 BCE
Ancient Egyptians
-health records were superstitious and called upon gods to fix them
-physicians were priests
-they used medicine to heal diseases and treated disorders with leeches -
1900 BCE
Ancient Chinese
Pioneers learned to treat a variety of illness and disease with stone tools, which they advanced the practice where it is still used commonly today -
900 BCE
Ancient Greeks
-they determined that illness were natural, rather than spiritual cases
-they did not allow bodies to be dissected
-Hippocrates wrote the standard of ethics -
100
Ancient Romans
-disease was caused by the lack of sanitation, brought clean water into cities they also built filtering systems
-Roman’s were the first to organize medical care
-public building for the sick were established -
Period: 400 to 800
Dark Age
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500
Stopped the Study Of Medicine, why?
-only practiced in convents and monasteries because the church believed that life or death was in gods hands and monks didn’t care how the body functioned -
700
How do they treat disease?
primary treatment by prayer -
Period: 800 to 1400
Middle Age
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1100
Epidemics
caused millions of deaths during this period -
Period: 1350 to
Renaissance
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1450
Rebirth
building of university’s and medics schools for research
Search for new ideas abt diseases
Acceptance of dissection
Development of the printing press and publishing books for greater knowledge -
Period: 1501 to
16th and 17th Centuries
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1515
Leonardo de Vinci
Studied and recorded anatomy for the body -
1550
Gabrielle Fallopius
discovered the fallopian tubes of the female -
1563
Bartolommeo Eustachio
discovered the tube leading from nose to throat -
William Harvey
he was first to describe the circulation of blood and pumping of the heart -
Antoine von Leeiwehoek
invented the microscope and discovered bacteria that causes tooth decay -
Apothecaries
early pharmacies engaged in flourishing trade in drugs -
Period: to
18th Century
-
Benjamin Franklin
discovered the bifocals and found that colds can be passed -
Medical learning students
study medicine, dissects the body and observe the disease process -
Joseph Priestley
discovered the element oxygen, observed that plans refresh air that have lost oxygen making respiration -
Edward Jenner
Discover method for vaccination for smallpox, saved millions of live, discovery led to immunization and prevent medicine to pubic health -
Rene Laennec
Invented the stethoscope, increased ability to hear the heart and lungs allowing doctors to see if disease was present -
Period: to
19th and 20th centuries
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Ignaz Semmelweis
Identified the cause of childbed fever, lead to fewer deaths, people would deliver babies with dirty hands -
Louis Pasteur
father of microbiology, discovered that tiny organisms are everywhere, proved that microorganisms can cause disease, milk prevented growth of bacteria and created vaccine for rabies -
Dmitri Ivanovisk
discovered that some diseases are caused by microorganisms and cannot be see with a microscope -
Joseph Lister
learned about Pasteurs discovery that microorganisms cause infection, he used carbolic acid on wounds to kill germs that cause infection he became the first doctor to use an antiseptic during surgery -
Ernst von Bergmann
developed asepsis, he developed a menthol to keep an area germ free during surgery -
Period: to
21st Century