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- Created by John C. Calhoun in response to the Tariff of Abominations.
- Argued that the states had the right to go against unconstitutional federal laws.
- Argued for the rights of Southern states, since they were negatively affected by the tariffs on trade.
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- Protected industries in the North from foreign competition.
- Increased the cost of goods for Southerners.
- Motivated the Nullification Process due to the South threatening to secede from the Union.
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- Congress attempted to solve the Southerners' problems by slightly lowering the taxing rates.
- Did not satisfy the Southerners, as they were still being taxed either way.
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- Declared the Tariffs of 1828 and 1832 unconstitutional.
- Threatened that Southern states would leave the Union if the tariffs stayed.
- President Jackson viewed this as a threat, since the states were trying to go against federal law.
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- Declared the Southern states' nullification illegal.
- Declared the Union of the United States indissoluble.
- Called upon the people of the South to follow his Proclamation instead of following the leaders of the South.
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- Due to the arguments caused by the tariffs, a divide was created between President Jackson and Vice President Calhoun.
- After his resignation, Caloun started advocating as a senator for South Carolina.
- Supported the views of the Southern states.
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- Resolved the tariffs over the years.
- Caused South Carolina to dissolve their Ordinance of Nullification.
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- Gave the President the right to collect customs by using the Navy and the Army when states would attempt to nullify laws.
- Let the president use force when needed.