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The Industrial Revolution
Transformed economies that had been based on agriculture and handicrafts into economies based on large-scale industry, mechanized manufacturing, and the factory system. -
The Enlightenment
It was a European cultural and intellectual movement that it took place since middle of XVIII century until middle of XIX century. It hapened specially in Germany, France and England. -
American Revolution
American colonies fought to be free from British rule.
Some people that participated in this event were George Washington, Thomas Jefferson orKing George III. The colonies didn’t want to pay taxes without having a say in government. The USA became an independent country. Ideas of freedom spread -
Haitian Revolution
Slaves in Haiti fought and won their freedom from France. People like Toussaint Louverture or enslaved Africans participated.
They wanted to be free, like in the French Revolution. Haiti became the first free Black republic. -
French Revolution
French people overthrew their king and wanted equality. People like King Louis XVI, Robespierre or French citizens participated. People were poor and angry about injustice. Consecuences were thet it was the end of monarchy, start of modern ideas like liberty and rights for all. -
Congress of Vienna
What? A meeting of European leaders to bring peace after Napoleon’s wars. Who? Leaders from Austria, Britain, Russia, Prussia, France. Why? To stop more wars and return order to Europe. Consequences: Peace for a while, but no freedom for many people. -
End of Slavery in the British Empire
What? Britain ended slavery in all its colonies. Who? British Parliament, William Wilberforce. Why? Many people said slavery was wrong and unfair. Consequences: Thousands of slaves became free. Other countries followed. -
Revolutions of 1848 (Europe)
What? Many protests in Europe for freedom and better government. Who? Workers, students, nationalists. Why? People wanted rights, democracy, and fair laws. Consequences: Most failed, but helped change ideas over time. -
American Civil War
What? A war between North and South in the USA. Who? Abraham Lincoln, soldiers, slaves. Why? The South wanted slavery; the North wanted to stop it. Consequences: Slavery ended in the U.S., but the country was badly hurt. -
Unification of Germany
What? Many small German states became one country. Who? Otto von Bismarck, German leaders. Why? People wanted to be united and strong. Consequences: Germany became a powerful country in Europe.