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Babies learn whether they can trust others to meet their needs. If the caregivers are responsive the infant should develop trust. If the babies care is neglectful the infant develops mistrust. -
The toddlers are deciding if they should do things on their own or if they should still rely on others. Toddlers learn independence by dressing themselves or deciding what they like to eat. Encouragement leads to confidence in the toddlers independence. The toddler can get a negative outcome though by the over control and criticism.
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Now the kids are developing people skills and the real world. they are wondering if they can make it like all the other people in the world. Kids will develop a sense of competence through learing and accomplishing tasks. Praise and success will build confidence in skills. Failure or lack of encouragement leads to inferiority and low self- esteem.