SPAIN HISTORY

By asierdeandres
  • May 28, 722

    BATTLE OF COVADONGA

    BATTLE OF COVADONGA
    • An Iberian Peninsula ruled by the Muslims, who had already managed to gain a foothold in the south and centre of the peninsula.
    • It was the first of many battles and the seed of the Christian Reconquest.
  • Jun 14, 1217

    UNION OF LEON AND CASTILE

    UNION OF LEON AND CASTILE
    • At the time of its definitive union with the Crown of Castile, in 1230, the Crown of León was composed of the territories of León, Asturias, Galicia and Extremadura.
    • On the other hand, that of Castile encompassed the historical Old Castile and the current Castile-La Mancha.
  • Period: 1402 to 1496

    CONQUEST OF THE CANARY ISLANDS

    • The process of conquest in the Canary Islands began in 1402 with the conquest of Lanzarote and ended in 1496 with the conquest of Tenerife. The conquest was carried out under two different systems: the manorial conquest and the royal conquest.
    • The conquest of the Canary Islands was the process by which this archipelago, inhabited by aboriginal peoples, was incorporated by military occupation into the Crown of Castile during the 15th century.
  • Period: Jan 2, 1491 to Jan 2, 1492

    THE CAPTURE OF GRANADA

    • The Christian army managed to defeat the immense army of the Caliph Muhammad an-Nasir at the Battle of Las Navas de Tolosa.
    • It took 200 years to achieve the total surrender of the Muslims in our country with the capture of Granada in 1492.
  • 1512

    THE KINGDOM OF NAVARRA

    THE KINGDOM OF NAVARRA
    • The kingdom of Navarre was conquered by Ferdinand the Catholic in 1512 and incorporated into the crown of Castile in 1515. It was the last of the Christian kingdoms to be politically integrated into the Spanish Monarchy and the only one to do so by force of arms.

  • THE PEPA

    THE PEPA
    • When the Cortes of Cadiz approved its first decree aimed at creating the first Constitution of Spain.
    • It took two years before the Cortes were able to strip the monarch Ferdinand VII of all his powers to create a constitutional regime. It was formulated in Cadiz on March 19, 1812, Saint Joseph's Day, and was known as "La Pepa". It lasted two years until Ferdinand VII abolished it, but it laid the foundations for the future of constitutionalism in Spain.
  • Period: to

    REIGN OF ISABEL II

    • The reign of Isabel II is the period of contemporary Spanish history between the death of Ferdinand VII in 1833 and the triumph of the Revolution of 1868, which forced the queen to go into exile.
  • Period: to

    FIRST CARLIST WAR

    • The First Carlist War was a civil war that took place in Spain between 1833 and 1840 between the Carlists, supporters of Prince Carlos María Isidro de Borbón and an absolutist regime, and the Isabelinos or Cristinos, supporters of Isabel II and the regent María Cristina de Borbón.
  • Period: to

    FIRST SPANISH REPUBLIC

    • The First Spanish Republic was the political regime in force in Spain from its proclamation by the Cortes on February 11, 1873, until December 29, 1874.
    • It happened when the pronunciamiento of General Martínez Campos led to the restoration of the Bourbon monarchy.
  • Period: to

    REIGN OF ALFONSO XII

    • His reign consisted mainly of consolidating the monarchy and institutional stability, repairing the damage that the internal struggles of the years of the so-called Revolutionary Sexenio had left behind, earning him the nickname of "the Peacemaker".
  • Period: to

    FIRST WORLD WAR

    • The Gaceta de Madrid announced Spain's neutrality in World War I, covering the functions of the current Official State Gazette.
    • King Alfonso XIII considered that the country was not prepared for a war, neither militarily, nor politically, nor economically.
  • Period: to

    DICTATORSHIP OF PRIMO RIVERA

    • On September 13, 1923, the captain general of Catalonia, Miguel Primo de Rivera, revolted against the government and staged a coup d'état with the support of most of the military units.
    • The meeting of the Cortes Generales scheduled for immediately afterwards to analyze the Moroccan problem and the role of the army in the conflict was the ultimate trigger for the uprising.
  • Period: to

    SPANISH CIVIL WAR

    • On 17 July 1936, the army revolted against the rulers of the Second Spanish Republic.
    • In the conflict, a Spain divided in two was postponed for three years of violence and hunger for the Spanish population.
    • On 1 April 1939, Francisco Franco declared himself the victor and sole leader of Spain.
  • Period: to

    FRANCISCO FRANCO'S DICTATORSHIP

    • This dictatorship was imposed by force after a military coup d'état against the legitimate government of the Second Republic, which provoked a tragic civil war (1936-1939), one of the consequences of which was the death of hundreds of thousands of people.
    • Italy and Germany continued to supply Franco's forces, while the Soviet Union provided military advisors, tanks, planes and other war materiel to the Republic.

  • ETA

    ETA
    • In Spain, the Basque terrorist organization ETA announces the definitive cessation of its armed activity.