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The Mesoamerican ballgame was a ritualistic and violent sport played with a heavy, solid rubber ball, where players used their hips, elbows, and knees to keep the ball from touching the ground and to score points.
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The first changes in the Mesoamerican ball game involved the introduction of ballcourts, first appearing around 1400 BCE in the Pacific lowlands, and the development of the game's key features.
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The Mesoamerican ballgame rubber ball changed from early versions made of raw latex to more durable, elastic balls developed by the Maya using morning glory vine sap for vulcanization, with variations in size and weight depending on the game type.