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Prince henry the navigator of the portuguese rises to power pushing for exploration and his first journey takes place in the early 1400s the advancements in exploration allowed explorers to more successfully travel to the various areas they needed to go.
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The Ottoman empire destroying constantinople and controlling this part of the world cut trade from the rest of europe. So europe had to discover different ways to obtain goods from the far east.
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Spanish discover huge ore deposits in modern day bolivia. Good example of how exploration made colonial building a profitable endeavor for the host country.
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Bartolomeu Dias rounds the cape of good hope and ends up on the eastern side of africa and into the indian ocean. What he did was enabled future explorers to push even further east and paved the way for a great number of traders.
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Spanish explorers like christopher columbus start exploring places to colonize them not just to trade with them. The example spain showed for colonization forced other countries around the world to expand on exploration to keep up with the growing increase in wealth of spain.
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Sets boundaries for countries in what areas the explore and control during the age of exploration. Having the treaty established prevented more conflict between spain and portugal allowing for more exploration and discovery.
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expedition lead to a shorter route to north america. This lead to later claims of modern day canada for the english and overall better travel between the colonies.
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Vasco da Gama sails to india and finds trading post offering various goods from the east. He was a problem because he would fight the indians and harass their trade ships. The goods he found in these areas were extremely desirable to the europeans making them want to gather more either through raids or by trading for these goods.
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between 1519 and 1522 Ferdinand magellan and his ships travel around the globe being the first recorded man to do so. This showed that the world was not flat. and that man could get from one end of the world to the other enabling more trade options.
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First to pass from the atlantic to pacific coast. SIr francis drakes successes in privateering and otpher endeavors set the groundwork for other great english explorers to continue the exploration and plundering of other parts of the world.