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Guide Fossil: Estromatolites
Geological Events: Appearance of Rodinia
Climate Events: Average temp. (4000º- -12º) -
The origin of life was a long process called abiogenesis. Abiogenesis occurred through chemical evolution, one of them are the Cyanobacterias who were the first organism that produced oxygen. -
Guide Fossil: Trilobites
Geological Events: Panotia Fracture
Climate Events: Second Glaciation -
They were the first animals to develop a rigid chitinous exoskeleton, the most famous is the trilobite -
Fishes were the first animals to have a backbone -
Known as bryophytes they were one of the first land plants. They reproduced via spores and required water for the male gametes (sperm) to swim to the female gametes -
The development of a true internal bony skeleton and jaws gave them a huge advantage, leading to their dominance. -
They were small, lizard-like animal, measuring about 20 to 30 centimeters, including the tail -
Pangaea was the result of plate tectonics, a gradual process of collision and fusion of continental masses. -
The Great Dying, known as the Permian–Triassic extinction event, occurred approximately 250 million years ago and it is the biggest extinction in Earth's history. It wiped out an estimated 90% to 96% of marine species -
Guide Fossil: Ammonites
Geological Events: Pangea Fracture
Climate Events: Greenhouse Event -
With their rivals gone from the Triassic extinction, dinosaurs became the undisputed dominant land animals. -
Early mammals were generally small creatures, about the size of a mouse or shrew, and are believed to have been primarily nocturnal to avoid the large dinosaurs. -
Guide Fossil: Mammals
Geological Events: Orogens
Climate Events: Rising Oxigen -
The first primates and their precursors emerged
approximately 66 to 55 million years ago, following the mass extinction of the dinosaurs. -
They reigned as the ocean's apex predators for over 16 million years before becoming extinct roughly 3.6 million years ago. -
Hominins like Australopithecus afarensis, the species of the famous "Lucy" fossil were likely the first tool users.