-
Edward Jenner developed the first vaccine against smallpox using cowpox material.
This marked the beginning of immunization -
Louis Pasteur created vaccines for rabies and anthrax.
The germn theory of disease supported the idea of preventing illness through vaccination. -
Vaccines were developed for diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis (whooping cough), and tuberculosis (BCG).
Public health campaings started large-scale vaccination programs. -
Jonas Salk and Albert Sabin developed polio vaccines (injected and oral).
This was one of the biggest successes in global vaccination. -
Vaccines for measles, mumps, rubella (MMR) were combinated into a single shot.
Vaccines against hepatitis B, meningitis, and chickenpox (varicella) were introduced.
Efforts against HIV and malaria began, though challenges remain. -
Vaccines using genetic engineering and mRNA technology were developed.
The most famous example is the COVID-19 mRNA vaccines in 2020.