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American School of the Deaf
The American School of the Deaf was founded in 1817 at Hartford, Connecticut. The founding of the school was by a surgeon. Alice Cogswell, the daughter of the surgeon was in fact, deaf in her childhood and it inspired to develop the school for the deaf. It is the oldest permanent school for the children that are deaf all over the western hemisphere.
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Perkins School for the Blind
Perkins School for the Blind, was founded in 1829 in Boston, Massachusetts. The school was founded by Dr. John Dix Fisher and Dr. Samuel Gridley. They accomplished this by creating equal opportunities for people with visual impairments. The school had famous alumni who attended in the school for the blind which includes, Helen Keller, Anne Sullivan, and Laura Bridgman. -
Brown vs Board of Education
Brown vs Board of Education of Topeka established on May 17, 1954. The Supreme Court ruled that separating children from public schools was unconstitutional. Brown announced that there were “separate but equal” education violations from the 14th Amendment’s Equal Protection Clause. The Brown vs Board of Education was the first ruling stating that every child has the right to have an equal education under the constitution and later used to protect students with disabilities. -
Elementary and Secondary Education Act (ESEA)
The Elementary and Secondary Education Act (ESEA) is a law from the United States in 1965. This law is to provide federal funding to improve the quality of elementary and secondary education for low-income families. It is to ensure equal educational opportunities for all children, including children with disabilities. -
PARC v. Commonwealth of Pennsylvania
The PARC vs Commonwealth of Pennsylvania lawsuit was filed in 1971. It was a lawsuit to challenge state laws that allowed public schools to deny education for all children with intellectual disabilities. This lawsuit is to create the right to free and appropriate public education for children with intellectual disabilities. -
Mills v. Board of Education of District of Columbia
Mills vs Board of Education of District of Columbia established in 1972. This law is to create the right to free and appropriate education for children with disabilities. The case was based on seven students with disabilities that were denied access to public education in the District of Columbia. The court ruled that it is unconstitutional to deny children with disabilities an education. -
Education for All Handicapped Children Act
The Education for All Handicapped Children Act, known as Public Law 94-142, was established in 1975. This law is to provide a free and appropriate public education (FAPE) for all children with disabilities. This act makes sure that public schools receive federal funding to provide equal access to education and services for students with disabilities. This law requested the development of an Individualized Educational Plan (IEP) for each student with a disability. -
Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA)
The Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) established in 1990. It is a civil rights law that prevents discrimination that is based on disability. This law provides equal opportunity for individuals with disabilities in areas such as employment, public services, public accommodations, and telecommunications. This law makes it illegal to discriminate against individuals with disabilities that qualified in many kinds of settings. -
Individuals with Disabilities Education Improvement Act (IDEA)
The Individuals with Disabilities Education Improvement Act (IDEA) is a federal law that makes sure all students with disabilities receive free appropriate public education (FAPE). It highlights equity, accountability, and improved educational outcomes for all students with disabilities. Funding helps with states and local education agencies to support services in special education. The federal funding helps eligible children aged 3-21 and early intervention services for infants and toddlers. -
No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB)
The No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB) was signed into law in 2002. It is a federal law that was created to improve public schools by increasing the accountability for all schools, districts, and states. The law was replaced with Every Student Succeeds Act (ESSA) in 2015. It focuses on supporting all students with disabilities and English Language Learners through standards.
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