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The National Constituent Assembly met to create a French constitution. On August 4, feudal privileges ended and the Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen was adopted. The Assembly set up a constitutional monarchy, changing France’s political system. When it dissolved on September 30, 1791, the Legislative Assembly took over, continuing the work of governing the nation.
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The Estates-General opened at Versailles to deal with France’s financial problems. Delegates from the clergy, the nobility, and the commoners met, but disagreements quickly appeared over voting and influence. The Third Estate felt they had little say, and the King’s speech focused on debt and reform without offering real solutions. These tensions showed the deep divisions in French society and led to the formation of the National Assembly, sparking the French Revolution. -
This was a pivotal event during the first days of the French Revolution. The oath was a pledge signed by the 576 of the 577 members from the Third Estate who were locked out of a meeting of the Estate General. -
On July 14, 1789, Parisians frustrated by high taxes, food shortages, and fears of royal repression, stormed the Bastille, a prison in Paris. Seeking weapons and gunpowder to protect the city and support the National Assembly, they seized the fortress after fighting. The fall of the Bastille became a symbol of popular resistance to tyranny, marking the beginning of the French Revolution and inspiring revolutionary movements across France. -
On August 4, 1789, the National Assembly took a bold step by passing the August Decrees. This significant move abolished feudal privileges, noble titles, tithes, and manorial rights. In a remarkable show of unity, both nobles and clergy renounced their privileges, effectively bringing an end to the Ancien Régime. This shift not only promoted equality but also helped to ease the rural unrest that was brewing during the Great Fear. -
The representative of French people, constituted as National Assembly and considering that ignorance, neglect or contempt of the rights of man are the also cause of public misfortune and government corruption. -
Established by the Constitution of 1791, the Legislative Assembly found itself grappling with deep political rifts, an economic downturn, and escalating tensions with European nations. In April 1792, it made the bold move to declare war on Austria, kicking off the Revolutionary Wars and intensifying the crisis that would eventually lead to the monarchy's downfall.
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In June 1791 King Louis XVI and his family made a desperate bid to flee revolutionary Paris, aiming to reach the loyalist stronghold of Montmédy near the border. Disguised as servants their plan quickly unraveled when they were spotted and captured in the town of Varennesnas their large slow-moving coach attracted too much attention. This incident dealt a significant blow to the monarchy's reputation sparked greater support for a republic and ultimately set the stage for the monarchy's downfall. -
Was the foundational single-chamber assembly was a revolutionary government structure in France during the most intense phase of the French Revolution.
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French Legislative Assembly declared war on Austria, beginning the French Revolutionary Wars. Facing internal political divisions, economic crisis, and external threats, revolutionary leaders hoped war would unite the nation and spread revolutionary ideals. However, as the conflict intensified it only heightened tensions leading to a more radical political climate and ultimately contributing to the downfall of the monarchy. -
Revolutionaries and the National Guard attacked the Tuileries Palace in Paris where King Louis XVI and his family were staying. The king´s Swiss Guards were massacred, and the royal family was arrested. This event marked the effective fall of the monarchy leading to the suspension of Louis XVI and paving the way for the First French Republic. -
King Louis XVI was executed after being tried and found guilty of treason by the National Convention. His execution signified the definitive end of absolute monarchy in France and heightened tensions with other European monarchies, playing a significant role in the French Revolutionary Wars. This event became a powerful symbol of the radical phase of the Revolution. -
Maximilien Robespierre, who was the leader of the Committee of Public Safety, was arrested and executed by guillotine after he lost favor in the National Convention. His execution marked the conclusion of the Reign of Terror, paving the way for the Thermidorian Reaction and ushering in a more moderate era of the French Revolution -
The Directory was set up by the Constitution of Year III, right after the Reign of Terror. It had a five-member executive and a bicameral legislature. However, it faced a lot of challenges, including political instability, economic issues, and ongoing wars, which made it tough to keep things under control. The Directory came to an end when Napoleon Bonaparte staged his coup on 18 Brumaire in 1799, leading to the establishment of the Consulate and signaling the conclusion of the Revolution.
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Power was shared by 3 consults. However Napoleon held the position of ''first consul'', so infact he held all the real power.
Napoleon achieved peace in France by allowing exiled nobility return back to France and by recociling with the catholic church by signing a concordat. He achieved internal reforms like the civil code (a single set of laws equal for all french), a public education system and an equal tax system for everyone.
These achievements made Napoleon very popular. -
Wars between France other european powers were constant until 1815.
France as the leading country of the revolutionatry process encouraged people from other countries to rise up against the Old Regime.
Napoleon´s army freed european people of the chains of the Old Regime... but also subjugated occupied territories by force, which led to deep nationalist reactions.
Napoleon defeated several coalitions of European countries, these victories led him to create a great empire. -
Off the coast of Cape Trafalgar, Spain, Admiral Horatio Nelson's British fleet, comprising 27 vessels, soundly trounced the combined French and Spanish navies which were a force of 33 ships. Nelson's daring strategy, saw the enemy formation fractured and it led to 17 enemy ships seized without a single British loss. Despite Nelson's demise, this decisive victory solidified Britain’s maritime dominance. It also effectively squashed Napoleon's aspirations of a UK invasion. -
One of the greatest victories achieved by Napoleon. He defeated a large Russian-Austrian army (led by Tsar Alexander I Holy Roman Empire Francis II).
Napoleon military genius made him the master of Europe.
In conquered countries he set up liberal governments (constitutions, abolishment of feudalism, equal taxes and laws for everyone...) ruled by members of his family for example: Spain which was ruled by his brother Jose Bonaparte. -
Napoleon´s greates defeat against another coalition of european states. After it the ailed countries entered Paris. -
It took place in present-day Belgium. the moment marked Napoleon´s ultimate defeat. His French troops clashed with the British-led forces commanded by the Duke of Wellington, alongside the Prussian army led by Gebhard Leberecht von Blücher. This battle resulted in a decisive loss for Napoleon, prompting his second abdication and subsequent exile to Saint Helena. This event not only concluded the Napoleonic Wars but also set the stage for a new Europe shaped by the Congress of Vienna.