the history of the English language

  • 1700 BCE

    Modern English (1700–Present)

    Modern English (1700–Present)
    Industrial Revolution. Global influence expanded vocabulary.
  • 1700 BCE

    Early Modern English (1500–1700 AD)

    Early Modern English (1500–1700 AD)
    Shakespeare enriched the language. Printing press standardized English.
  • 1500 BCE

    Middle English (1100–1500 AD)

    Middle English (1100–1500 AD)
    Norman Conquest (1066). French influenced law and government.
  • 1100 BCE

    Old English (450–1100 AD)

    Old English (450–1100 AD)
    Germanic tribes settled (450 AD). Vikings invaded (8th century).
  • 42 BCE

    Pre-English (Before 450 AD)

    Pre-English (Before 450 AD)
    Romans invaded Britain (43 AD), introducing Latin