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Renaissance art starts with the humanism mentality movement. The art of this period is based on representing humans as the most important creation of god. Artist used a lot of shape, shade and color techniques to give the paintings realism to express drama. Sculptors got inspired on ancient Greek and Roman Sculptures, given textures, expressions, movements, realism a deeper meaning that tells a story. One example of the Renaissance art is the David the Donatello.
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Architectural challenge won by Filippo Bruneschy.
It took Bruneschy 16 years to finish the construction and while creating the new plans of dome.
He had to create, new dome with inner and outer shells, that helped to carry the weight that wood domes couldn’t resist.
The cathedral construction, represents the renaissance era and the human art, ingenue and creativity. After the cathedral construction ended, in 1436, Florence city was considering to be the birth place of the Renaissance. -
Michelangelo, created the sculpture of marble, that nowadays, is situated in Ciudade of Vaticano. The sculpture represents Virgin Mary, holding on her arms Jesus after being crucified and death.
It expresses the love, tenderness, pain and hurt, of a mother while holding and suffering the pain of loose her only son. The sculptures represents Virgin Mary as a young beautiful and caring mother.
In virgin Mary´s clothes, the artist full name is written. Thanks to mistrust of people. -
This painting was a request from Pope Julius II, to decorate his library, to represent harmony between philosophers, mathematicians and scientists.
The painting was also created to represent and unified classical and Christian traditions, that also represents the theology, laws and poetry, everyone living and working in harmony and union. -
Charles I or Charles V, was the prince who inherited the Spanish crown and the tittle of Holy Roman Emperor. He became one of the strongest Monarchs, having territories in Europe and being the owner of America. Since the beginning of his reign, he was not really loved, he was grown on Flanders, didn't talk Spanish, he named ministers from Flanders.
During his rule, his mai enemies were France, England and the Lutheran Religion. -
Charles I reign led to a lot of revolts and protests against him and his court and council, who were also from Flanders, people didn't like that his King hasn't been raised in Spain and didn't talked Spanish. In 1520, Castilian people started the revolt, fighting to be ruled by a Spanish monarch who actually cared of them, because Charles was always more focused on reigning the Imperium than the Spanish crown and people. one year later 1521, the revolt ended in the battle of Villalar.
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During the Catholic and Lutheran religious war, Charles V and the Schmalkadic league, reunited looking for a solution or treatment to reassure peace. Arriving to the peace of Augsburg.
After signing the treaty, the war ended. Creating the safety for the Empire for around 50 years, also, giving a great step to the German country. Offering Germany the freedom to choose their religion, that helped Germany to become a divided country. -
During his reign Felipe II expanded de hegemony of the Spanish crown in Europe, defending the Catholic religion that won a couple battles against the Empire like the Lepanto Battle.
He establish the capital in Madrid in 1561, his ruled had a bureaucratic system. During his rule he got into problems like the conflict of Flanders and the defeat of the invincibly Armada. Also, he unified the Iberian Peninsula by getting married with the princess of Portugal, unifying both crowns. -
Felipe´s reign was marked by the defend of the Catholic religion, which led to the rebellion of the alpujarras. Moriscos were muslims who were forced to convert to catabolism, but they were only catholic outdoors, but did what they wanted indoor. So Felipe started to chase them. In 1568 the rebellion started for religion freedom. After beating the Moriscos in 1571, the moriscos were sent around other parts of the territories of Castilla.
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Flanders wanted to achieve the independence from Castilla. So in 1568 Queen Margarita de Parma started the war with Felipe II of Spain. Flanders wanted the independence for the seven nations that were part of Flanders, nowadays called The Netherlands.
After eighty years of war, Flanders achieved is independence in 1648. In exchange, the Spanish crown lost prestigious and power. -
Artois and Douis city, signed the Union of Arras to abolished the eighty years war, that took place thanks to the unsatisfied with the religious politics of the Principe of Orange with the General States of Netherlands. That were both against the Protestantism, ideals and speeches.
This treatment was also signed to protect, against the rebels and protests of the Protestants that weren’t allowed to the have their own religion and live their faith freely. -
The signment of Utrecht, is the union of political and military forces of the Netherlands and Northern provinces, that unified against the Spanish rule of Philip II.
To this union, countries that were also against Philip II, also incorporated, Frisisa, Holanda and Zelanda against the oppression of the king against the Protestantism.
This union, also is considered the firsts steps to the beginning of the Dutch republic. -
In 1588, Spanish boats sailed through Canal de La Mancha to England, sent from Lisboa with the objective of reunited with the army of Alejandro Farnesio, to fight against the Queen Elisabeth II queen of England. The main reason of the battle, was to establish again the Catholics doctrines and religion instead d of the Anglicanism.
The armada, was supposed to be invincible, but, on their way to the North of Scotland and Ireland, a big storm made the Armada drowned. -
Renaissance art represented harmony , Baroque art, represents the completely opposite, coldness, drama, movement and exuberance.
Baroque paintings were created to represents the feelings emotions of the persons on the paint, giving the precision of the little details to make the peoples not only see the paint but also feel it and understand it, using shades, lines, expressions that shows a situation with a metaphor or meaning. -
Gian Lorenzo Bernini, created this sculpture from marble, representing the mythological history of Apollo, and Daphne transforming into a Laurel.
Apollo with the help of Eros, god of love and sex, chased Daphne until they reach the coast of the beach. Daphne, in a desperate attempt to get rid of Apollo chasing, scream to the ocean, her father to help per get rid of that beauty that was overwhelming her now. Thanks to that beg, Daphne, started to transform into a beautiful healthy Laurel. -
Pope Alexander VII wanted to use, the empty space infront of the Basilica. He asked Bernini to create the square of Saint Peters.
Bernini designed a Four row-colonnades based on 284 Tuscam columns arranged in four rows.
The square, counts with two main fountains, that were designed and created by Bernini and Carlo Madeiro.
The construction of the square, was also to symbolise the Open arms of the catholic churches with all the peoples that have faith in the catholic religion. -
This painting is an example of Baroque Spanish art, that combines painting with allegory mythology.
The painting represents, a group of woman working in tapestry of Santa Isabel of Madrid. Behind them, the painting of the goodness Athena confronting Arachne.
The porpoise of the painting is represent the difference between high artist and the manual work of the woman in those years.
Nowadays, the painting is exhibited in Museo del prado, in Madrid. -
Neoclassical art was deeply inspired in Greek and Roman art, representing things as order, heroic or historical moments that were important or meaningful. This art was created thanks to the study of shapes and sober colours.
Neoclassical art focused a great part on mythology and philosophy trying to express calm and rationality. -
Nowadays, exhibited in The Louvre in Paris, is paiting created in 1784, to represent the way countries used to deal with battles instead of sending their armies. They sended three mans to fight, and the ones in the painting are the Horacios, accepting the swords their father gives them to fight against Los Curiacios, that were the three man from the family of Alba Longa. -
A painting that represent the royal family of Spain in 1800 showing it’s members, being the most important ones, king Charles V, queen Maria Elisa and the future king Ferdinand VII standing at the left of his father. In the painting, Goya painted himself standing close to a painting of Las meninas from Velázquez , that’s the inspiration to the royal family painting.