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The Renaissance began at the beginnings of the 14 century in Florencia, Italy. It was the result of ideas of Humanism and back the interest to the grecoroman culture because was a period of crisis before the Modern Age. This was a revolution of arts, politics and science. In this time the humanism took adavantage to the faith because the humans start to reconsider their faith in God and they start to think for theirselves. The historian Giorgio Vassari was the first to name the ''Renaissance''. -
The dome of Florence Cathedral is an incredible piece of Ressainance architecture. It was designed by Brunelleschi between 1420 to 1436, it was designed to be the biggest masonary vault in the world and is still the large masonary vault in the world. The consturction start in 1296 but they cant complete for obstacles of construction. This piece has many interruptions and many designers: Arnolfo Di Cambio, Giotto (who designed the bell) but finally Brunelleschi finish the cathedral. -
The Pietá is a monumental marble sculpture by the Renaissance artist Michelangelo depicting Mary holding the body of Jesus after he has been removed from the cross. The work was commissioned by a French Cardinal, Jean de Bilhères Lagraulas, for his funerary monument in Old St. Peter’s Basilica (razed in the early 16th century) in Vatican City. After the razed of the of the St. Peter Basilica, the sculpture was moved to new (where the sculpture is now and became very famous in the world.) -
The school of Athens is a fresco painted by Raphael Sanzio between 1509 and 1511. It was painted as a part of a comission by Pope Julius II to decorate the Stanze di Rafaello in the Apolostic Palace in the Vatican City. This picture depicts a congregation of ancient philosophers, mathematicians and scientists, with Plato and Aristotle in the centre of the picture. The painting is notable for its use of accurate perspective projection, a characteristic of the Renaissance art. -
Carlos I was king after the dead of his father Fernando II in 1516. For his mother, he received Castile and some parts of America and for his father he received Aragon and for his grandfathers he received some territories of Europe. His objective was to the defend the christianity, beacause he wants to have an incredible empire in which the people must to be catholic. Also, he had many wars with countries (France) and also in Spain (His mother Juana wants to govern the kingdom)
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The revolt of the Comuneros was an uprising by citizens of Castile against the rule of Charles I and his administration. This revolt was motivated to the political instability present in crown of Castilla. When Charles I arrived he came with a little idea of the spanish language and the people of Castile see him like an foreign king that gave more importance to his battles in Europe than the important things in Castile. The Comuneros lost resistance when some important leaders were murdered.
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The peace of Augsburg was a significant treaty in the history. This treaty was between the Holy Roman Empire, Charles V and Schmalkaldic League, signed in the Germany city of Augsburg.. This ended the religious conflict between catholics and protestants. This treaty consist in that each king select Lutheranism or Catholicism as the official confession of their state. Also the treaty accept that each person can emigrate to another state because he is not comfort of the religion of their state. -
Felipe II was born in 1527 on Valladolid, Spain. He served as a king of Spain and Portugal. The spainsh empire under Felipe prospered: it attained its greates power, extent and influence. He was proclaimed the self-protector of the Roman Catholic Church, sought to limit the expansion of protestanism and completed the work of the unification of the Iberian peninsula. He is remember for his failures (armada invencible) and his successes. He died in his bed due to ilness in 1598.
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It was an armed conflict between the Seventeen Provinces of Netherlands and the Spanish Empire.
This was when Felipe II was the king of Spain. The conflict starts when Felipe II arrived to Netherlands: centralisation, excessive taxation and the conflicts between the catholics and the protestants. The results of the war were favorable to Neteherlands, Ducth independence of the Dutch republic and the establishment of the Dutch Republic in 1648 (peace was concluded). -
It was a conflict in Spain in which the moorish population of the kingdom of Granada protest against the Pragmatic Sanction of 1567 (was an edict issued by Felipe II).This was because they think cant become true cristians if the moorish stay. This Pragmatic Sanction limited the cultural freedoms of the Muslims. When the moorish survivors were defeated they were deported to diferent zones of the crown of Castilla. A lot of moorish apart from been deported they were sold by slaves inside of Spain.
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It was an aliance between the county of Artois, the county of Hainaut and the city of Douai in the Habsburg Netherlands during the Eighty Years War. This aliance was established to defend the Roman Catholic religion against the rise of Calvinism in the northern provinces, the dissatisfied with the religious policies of rebel leader Prince of Orange and the States General of Netherlands. These signatories would begin negotiations for a separate peace with the Spanish Crown. -
It was an aliance between a number of Dutch provinces and cities, to reach a joint commitment against the king, Felipe II. The Netherlands hope that it if they joined forces they could forced him to stop his hars administrative measures. Also some important political matters were regulated in areas such as defence, taxation and religion. Many people view the Union of Utretch as the beginning of the Netherlands as a single state or the Union of Utretch laid the foundation for the Dutch Republic. -
This was an important moment in the history of Europe. The Spanish Armada was a fleet of 130 ships, dispatched by king Felipe II of Spain to invade England to resture Catholic rule. The Englands were more faster and maneuverable than the Spanish ships. The English fleet, led by lord Howard and Francis Drake, harried the Spanish ships from plymouth causing minimal damages. After, they send unleashed fire ships into the Spanish formation. This cause to the Spanish ships to retreat from the battle. -
This starts in Italy at the beginnings of the 17th century. The baroque period is stylistically complex and even contradictory. Some of the qualities most frequently associated with the Baroque art are grandeur, sensuous richness, drama, dynamism, movement, tension, emotional exuberance and used of light and shadow. It emerged from the religious and political climate of the Counter Reformation. The movement´s leaders believe that art shoul be easily understood and awe for the church. -
Apollo and Daphne was a marble sculpture in baroque style in natural size made by Bernini, this work depicts the culmination of the history of Apollo and Daphne in Ovid´s metamorphosis. The sculpture was the last of a series of works comissioned by Cardinal Scipione Borghese at the beginning of Bernini´s career. Apollo and Daphne´s sculpture was ordered after Borghese transferred the earlier work of his patronage, Bernini´s pluto and Persephone, to Cardinal Ludovico Ludovisi. -
This project of Bernini was comissioned by Pope Alexander VII. Is a forecourt. The aim was to unify the fragmented surroundings of St Peter´s Basilica and create a ceremonial forecourt that would enhance the basilica´s prominence. This design was a response to the demands of urban planing and a symbolic and theological statement, reinforcing the Chruch´s authority during the counter-reformation. The square was designed to frame St Peter´s Basilica. Is named Sant Peter, an apostlel of Jesus. -
Is a painting by Diego Velázquez. This painting its intrigate for its composition and sophisticated use of light and shadow. Velazquez was intelligent with this painting because he mix mythological themes with a realistic depiction of everyday life, illustrating the tale of Arachne, a mortal who challenged the goddess Athena to a weaving contest. The foreground of the painting presents a bustling trapestry workshop, while the background reveals the transformation of Arachne into a Spider. -
Neoclassical art was an influential movement that began in the 1760 that looked to the art of Greece and Rome for inspiration, invoking harmony, clarity and universality. It emerged partly as a reaction to decorative Rococo style and was propelled by a growing interest in classical antiquity. Some characteristics are movement valued line over color, straight lines over curves, and closed compositions. Some famous artists are Jacques-Louis David, Antonio Canova and Angelica Kauffman. -
Is an important neoclassical painting by jacques-Louis David depicting a scene that emphasizes themes of patriotism and duty. The paint is inspired on a dramatic moment of a roman legend where three brothers from the Horatii family pledge to fight for rome against the Curiatii brothers from Alba Longa, a rival city. This scene symbolizes the ideals of loyalty and sacrifice for one´s country. This painting is considered a cornerstone of the neoclassical movement. -
This is an oil painting of Carlos IV and his family painted by Goya. The paint shows Carlos IV and his family dressed in fine costume and jewellery, he and his wife are surrounded by their sons. The portrait was comissioned by Carlos IV, also Goya in the portrait subtly reveals tensions and vulnerability within the family. The painting is notable for its pshycological depth. It has often been described as Goya´s greatest portrait. The most dominant figure is Queen Maria Luisa in the centre.