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The Renaissance was one of the most important and transformative periods in human history, it starts in Italy in the 14 century anndd soread across Europe until the 17 century. The Rennaissannce gave origin to the Humanism, who it was an intellectual movement that placed humans being as the most significant entity of the univers instead of religious things. Rennaissance ideas influenced rulers and explorers, and the Renaissance transformed Europe and led the countries for the modern world.
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Florence Cathedral Dome start building in 1420 and it finished in 1436.The Architect how design it was Filippo Brunelleschi, the Cathedral symbols the Renaissance.The dome measure 44 meters wide and more than 100 meters high. In the 16 century the inside of the Dome was decorated with paintings, and Giorgio Vasari and Federico Zuccari painted inside the Dome, turning Florence Cathedral Dome into an architectural and spiritual structure.Florence Cathedral Dome inspired a generation of architects. -
Pietà was made in 1498, the sculpture represents Virgin Mary holding the body of Jesus after his crucifixion. When Michelangelo began the sculpture he was a young artist from Florence trying to prove himself in Rome, What made Pietà revolutionary was his fusion of realism and ideal beauty. The sculpture its in the St. Peter's Basilica in Rome protected behind a glas, admired by millions of persons every year. -
The school of Athens is one of the greatest masterpieces of the Italian Renaissance, painted by Raphael Sanzio between 1509 and 1511, Raphael gathered more than 20 figures, representing the greatest minds of the history. The School of Athens is a perfect example of High Renaissance ideals, The school of Athenes transformed Raphael's reputation, granting him a place among the greatest artist of his time. -
Carlos I was one of the most powerful rulers in European history. He ruled from 1516 to 1556, Carlos I spent much of his kingdom defending his territories and his faith, He fought France and over control of Italy, He faced conflict with the Ottoman Empire and he fought against Protestant princes during the Reformation, trying to keep Europe united under Cathilicism. When he was ill he divided his empire between. His brother who become the Holy Roman Emperor annd his son who become King of Spain.
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The revolt of Comuneros was a popular revolt that took place in Castile at Spain,during the kingdom of Carlos I.When Carlos I become king many Castilians were unhappy about his rule, because they felt that the King was ignoring their needs and using Spain wealth for his own, the revel starts in many Castilian cities, like Toledo,Segovia,and Valladolid against the authority,the Comuneros formed a movement to defend the right of the towns and to limit the king power.In 1521 the army defeated them
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The Peace of Augsburg was a historic treaty signed in September 25, 1555, after years of negotiation, an agreement was finally reached in Augsburg in Germany. The Peace of Augsburg officially recognized Lutherabism as a legal religion outside of the Catholicism. -
Felipe II ruled Spain from 1556 to 1598, following his father steps, Carlos I. Felipe II was a Catholic and as a Catholic faith defender,he fought against the Protestants,Felipe II faced many wars during his kingdom like, War against the Ottoman Empire or War with England in 1588 when he send Spanish army to invade Enngland, Felipe II establisehd Madrid as the capital of Spain and built the Escorial Palace, as a symbol of religious, When Felipe II died, Spain was still the most powerfull kingdom
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The rebellion of the Alpujarras was a Muslim rebelllion, that took place in the southern of Spain, in Granada during the kingdom of Felipe II. After the Christian Reconquest of Granada there were new laws banned,like Arabic Language or their traditional clothes and more things. In December 1568 the Muslikms of Alpujarras rebel up with the authoritys, and chose their own leader, Aben Humeya, and start attacing Christian towns, the rebellion quickly spread through the region and became a civil war
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The Eighty Years War was a long conflict between Netherlands and Spain,It began as a revolt against Felipe II and ended with the independence of the Netherlands,One of the causes its because many people of Netherlands were influenced by Protestant ideas, especially Calvinism.In 1579,Netherlands provinces divided into: 1.Southern provinces (Catholics) 2.Northern provinces (Protestant) and in 1581 the northern provinces declared independence from Spain, n 1648 the war finish with Treaty of Münster
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The Union of Arras was signed in January 6, 1579. who was a political and religious agreement in the Netherlands during the Wars of indepedence against Spain. King Philip II of Spain want to re-established Catholicism as the only Religion in Europe,
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The Union of Utrecht was signed in January 23, 1579, It led the independence of the Netherlands and the creation of the Dutch Republic, the Union was signed by seven northern countries, the treaty declared:
1. A defensive alliance against Spain.
2. Mutual cooperation in military, political and economical.
3. A commitment to religious tolerance, allowing each province the freedom to decide his religion. -
King Philip II of Spain wanted to stop the spread of Protestantism and punish England's Queen Elizabeth I, who had supported Protestant rebels in the Netherlands and allowed English pirates to attack Spanish treasure ships. The Defeated of the Spanish Armada changed the balance of power in Europe. The 130 ships that left Spain, only half returned, many damaged and with thousands sailors dead from battle. -
Baroque Art was a dramatic, emotional and grand artistic style that dominated Europe from the 16 century and 18 century, and it starts in Italy and it spread across the continent, the Baroque Art starts after the Renaissance, the Catholic Church, responding to the Protestant Reformation, used art as a new way to inpire faith. Baroque Art ios easy to recognize because of its emotion, energy and intensity, the most important Artist are: Diego Velázquez, Gian Lorenzo Bernini and more.
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The story of Apollo and Daphne is one of the most famous and tragic myths from Ancient Greek and Roman mythogy, it tells of unrequited love, divine punishment, and transformation. The story of Apollo and Daphne explores the conflict between desire and freedom, love and rejection divine power and human vulnerability. One of the Myth its that Apollo the god of the sun, music, and prophecy was stuck by one of Cupid's golden arrows, which made him fall deeply in love with Daphne. -
The Sain Peter's Square Project is one of the greatest achivements of baroque architecture, created by Gian Lorenzo Bernini between 1656 and 1667, the square is in front of Sain Peter's Basilica in Vatican City , and symbolic spaces in the world. Bernini conceived the square as two geometric spaces that come together, this design creates the impression that the Church is welcoming belivers from all directions,and the center of the square stands an Ancient Obelisk. -
The Spinners also knownas "Las Hilanderas" is one of the greatest masterpieces of Diego Velázquez, was painted around 1657 during Span Golden Age. Today, The spinners is housed in the Museo del Prado in Madrid, and its one of the most Velázquez enigmatic works, Its mastery of light, texture, and narrative depth influenced countless artist from Goya to the Impressionists. -
Neoclassical Art starts in Europe during 18 century as a reaction against the excesses of the Baroque and Rococo styles, While Baroque focused on emotion and drama, and the Rococo on elegance and pleasure, Neoclassical Art focused to return simplicity, morality and reason. Neoclassical Art was inspired from classical mythology and ancient history. Important Artist that used Neoclassical Art where Jacques-Louis David and Antonio Canova.
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The Oath of the Horotii is one of the most famous paintings of the 18 century, created by Jacques-Louis David in 1784, It is a powerful example of Neoclassical art, a movement that looked back to the ideals of ancient Greece and Rome "Discipline, honor and sacrifice". According to Roman Legend, two rival cities (Rome and Alba Long) decided to settle their conflict not through wat, but through a fight between three brothers from each city. -
Carlos IV of Spain annd his family is one of the most famous and fascinating paintings by Francisco de Goya, completed in 1801. At that time Francisco de Goya was the official court painter to King Carlos IV of Spain, Spain was going through a dificult period (political corruption, social inequality, etc). Goya was admired and feared for his honest. The painting shows thirteen figures, the entire royal family, arranged in a big room of the Royal Palace of Madrid.