• Gutenberg invents the printing press
    1450

    Gutenberg invents the printing press

    The printing press is a invention created to mass produce paper products such as newspapers and books. The Gutenberg bible was one of the first texts to be mass produced by the printing press.
  • Fall of Constantinople
    1453

    Fall of Constantinople

    The siege of Constantinople lead to the fall of the Byzantine empire. The result of this battle was a victory for the Ottoman empire led by Sultan Mehmed II.
  • Reign of the Tudor Dynasty
    1485

    Reign of the Tudor Dynasty

    The Tudor dynasty ruled England for about a century and a half. The Tudor dynasty ends in 1603 when queen Elizabeth died with no heir.
  • Columbus Voyage to the Americas, Alhambra Decree, The Reconquista of Spain
    1492

    Columbus Voyage to the Americas, Alhambra Decree, The Reconquista of Spain

    Columbus kick starts European exploration by sailing to the Americas in search of a new trade route to India. Spain passes the Alhambra decree kicking out religions that aren't Roman Catholicism completing the Reconquista.
  • Michelangelo completes the painting of the Sistine chapel
    1512

    Michelangelo completes the painting of the Sistine chapel

    Michelangelo takes multiple years on his master piece for the pope.
  • Martin Luther posts his 95 theses
    1513

    Martin Luther posts his 95 theses

    Martin Luther criticizes the Roman Catholic church, kick-starting the protestant reformation. One of the biggest things he challenged would be the use of indulgences to raise money for the church; the idea that faith alone gets you into heaven (sole fide)
  • Diet of Worms
    1521

    Diet of Worms

    The emperor gives Luther the right to a trial in his own country. When faced with the choice Martin Luther does not repeal his 95 theses.
  • 1532

    Machiavelli's THE PRINCE is published

    Machiavelli publishes a novel that helps feed the flame of humanism and Protestantism.
  • Act of Supremacy under Henry VIII
    1534

    Act of Supremacy under Henry VIII

    King Henry VIII rejects papal authority and establishes the church of England. This act establishes the Anglican Church.
  • Copernicus publishes ON THE REVOLUTIONS OF THE HEAVENLY SPHERES
    1543

    Copernicus publishes ON THE REVOLUTIONS OF THE HEAVENLY SPHERES

    Astronomers make headway in the field of astronomy when Copernicus publishes a book about the 8 spheres of space.
  • Council of Trent
    1545

    Council of Trent

    The council of Trent was created to start the Catholic reforms during the catholic reformation. Although they do change a little bit, ultimately they don't change to much.
  • Peace of Augsburg
    1552

    Peace of Augsburg

    A treated that was signed that allowed the kingdoms of the Holy Roman Empire to choose between Catholicism and Protestantism.
  • St. Bartholomew's Massacre
    1572

    St. Bartholomew's Massacre

    A French Catholic mob attacks a kills protestant farmers. France authorized a decree to kill protestants leading to Catholic violence.
  • War of the Three Henrys

    War of the Three Henrys

    French religious conflicts that last 4 years. The king of France, a protestant leader, and a Catholic duke all go to war.
  • Defeat of the Spanish Armada

    Defeat of the Spanish Armada

    The Spanish invasion of England fails a sea. A campaign to overthrow the English protestant queen.
  • Edict of Nantes

    Edict of Nantes

    A decree signed that gives rights to Calvinist protestants.