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the peace settlement ending World War I, signed by Germany and the Allied powers on June 28, 1919, in the Hall of Mirrors at the Palace of Versailles
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to secure vital natural resources like iron and coal to fuel its growing industries, to gain living space for its expanding population, and to establish a puppet state in the region
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to fulfill Benito Mussolini's imperial ambitions, seeking to build a new Roman Empire and gain prestige for the Fascist regime by conquering the last independent African nation
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to assert national sovereignty, violate the Treaty of Versailles, and secure its industrial heartland against a perceived threat from the Franco-Soviet Treaty of 1935
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the annexation of Austria into Nazi Germany on March 12, 1938, a move that was part of Hitler's aggressive expansionist foreign policy
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at Évian-les-Bains, France, to address the problem of German and Austrian Jewish refugees wishing to flee persecution by Nazi Germany. Wikipedia
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the policy of appeasement it represented failed to stop Hitler's aggression, as he immediately violated the agreement by occupying the rest of Czechoslovakia
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at Évian-les-Bains, France, to address the problem of German and Austrian Jewish refugees wishing to flee persecution by Nazi Germany. Wikipedia
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The MS St. Louis was a German ocean liner that, in 1939, carried over 900 Jewish refugees fleeing Nazi persecution -
a military tactic characterized by concentrated, rapid, and deep attacks by armored (Panzer) units, supported by mobile infantry and tactical air power, to quickly defeat an enemy by dislocating and disrupting their lines of communication and command rather than through prolonged attrition -
the longest continuous military campaign in World War II, ran from 1939 to the defeat of Nazi Germany in 1945, covering a major part of the naval history of World War II -
The Nazi-Soviet Pact, signed on August 23, 1939, was a non-aggression treaty between Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union with secret clauses to divide Poland and Eastern Europe into spheres of influence. -
a 1939 United States foreign policy allowing warring nations to buy American goods, including military supplies, as long as they paid in cash and arranged for their own transportation out of U.S. ports -
The Battle of Britain was caused by Nazi Germany's attempt to invade Britain after the fall of France in 1940. To prepare for an amphibious invasion (Operation Sea Lion), the German Luftwaffe needed to gain air superiority over the British Royal Air Force (RAF) -
which 50 Caldwell, Wickes, and Clemson-class US Navy destroyers were transferred to the Royal Navy from the US Navy in exchange for land rights on British possessions. At the time, the United States was neutral in World War II. -
The Lend-Lease Act of 1941 was a United States program that allowed the President to provide military and economic aid, such as weapons, food, and supplies, to Allied nations vital to American defense during World War II -
a joint declaration issued on August 14, 1941, by U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt and British Prime Minister Winston Churchill, setting out post-World War II goals for the world -
to cripple the U.S. Pacific Fleet, believing this was the only way to prevent the U.S. from interfering with its expansion into resource-rich territories in Southeast Asia and the Pacific -
was a major naval battle between the Imperial Japanese Navy and naval and air forces of the United States and Australia. -
aircraft from Japanese carriers attacked and damaged the US base on Midway. The US Marine Corps force stationed on Midway endured devastating losses, but the facilities only suffered minor damage. -
was the codename for the Battle of Normandy, the Allied operation that launched the successful liberation of German-occupied Western Europe during World War II. The operation was launched on 6 June 1944 with the Normandy landings. -
also known as the Ardennes Offensive or Unternehmen Wacht am Rhein, was the last major German offensive campaign on the Western Front during the Second World War, -
codenamed Operation Iceberg, was a major battle of the Pacific War fought on the island of Okinawa by the United States Army and United States Marine Corps forces against the Imperial Japanese Army. -
Little Boy was a type of atomic bomb created by the Manhattan Project during World War II. The name is also often used to describe the specific bomb used in the bombing of the Japanese city of Hiroshima -
"Fat Man" was the atomic bomb dropped on Nagasaki, Japan, on August 9, 1945, near the end of World War II. -
Victory over Japan Day is the day on which Imperial Japan surrendered in World War II, in effect bringing the war to an end.