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Weekly Halifax Gazette Published
The Halifax Gazette was the first newspaper that was published in Canada. (Noteable Event) -
French vs Indian War
This was the North American side of the Seven Years War between the colonies of British America and French Canada. (Wars & Battles) -
Seven Years War Begins
BIG 6: The seven year was was significant because the outcome was France losing control over all of it's North American possessions including French Canada. This lead to all the problems between French and English speaking Canadians later on because Canada was then on controlled by the British. (Wars & Battles) -
James Wolfe deafeats Louis-Joseph de Montcalm-Gozon in the Battle of the Plains of Abraham
James Wolfe died before the end of the battle but his last words were commands for his army and his army won the battle later that day. (Wars & Battles) -
France Give Up All of its Mainland North American Territories
Due to the Treaty of Paris France loses control over all of its North American possessions. (Colonies & Settlements) -
Quebec Gazette Newspaper Established
The Quebec Gazette was the first newspaper published in both English and French. (Noteable Event) -
Pontiac's War
This event is also known as Pontiac's Rebellion. A number of first nations tribes were unhappy with the British in Canada and tried to push them out of Canada.
BIG 6: This event was significant because while it wasn't a decisive win for either side it made the British government try to go with a more peaceful route with the First Nations people. (Wars & Battles) -
Montreal Fire
This fire combined with the fire in 1768 were responsible for destroying over half of the buildings in the city. (Noteable Event) -
Quebec Act
The Quebec Act was made to improve the quality of life in French Canada by making Quebec larger and also by giving the French Canadians religious freedom and the power to impose their own civil law. (Documents Acts & Treaties) -
US Seiges Quebec and Fails
Early in the American Revolutionary War this was the Americans first major defeat in which over 400 of their men were taken captive. (Wars & Battles) -
43,600 Loyalists Arrive in Canada
Excess of people leads to the formation of New Bruinswick and the rest of Upper Canada.
BIG 6:
Cause:
America declared its independence which caused Britain to lose 2.5 million citizens but 100,00 people stayed loyal to Britain and settled in British colonies, 43600 of which went to Canada.
Consequence:
New Bruinswick and the rest of Upper Canada was formed because of this large amount of people needing a place to live in Canada. (Colonies & Settlements) -
Captain James Cook Claims Vancouver Island for Britain
This was the first step to having British Columbia become a part of Canada. (Exploration Discovery) -
Start of the Underground Railroad
The Underground Railroad was a series of routes and safe houses designed for the purpose to free African slaves from the United States to Canada or safe states in the U.S.
BIG 6:
This event was significant because this is when people started to try to abolish slavery and promote racial equality. (Noteable Event) -
The Battle of Yorkton
A Franco-American Victory in the American Revolutionary War.
BIG 6:
This was significant because losing this battle took Britain out of the 13 colonies and also led to the Treaty of Paris and the Americans independance.
(Wars & Battles) -
Rose Fortune Becomes Canada's First Female Police Officer
Rose Fortune was a police officer in Annapolis Royal, Nova Scotia.
BIG 6: This event was significant because it was the first step to women having equal rights as men in Canada and let women know that they can do whatever men can.
(Noteable Event) -
Alexander Mackenzie Travels the River that will later be Named the Mackenzie River
He used the river to try to find a way to the Pacific Ocean from Fort Chipewyan. (Exploration Discovery) -
Constitutional Act of 1791
This act separated Canada into Upper Canada and Lower Canada. Upper Canada had English laws and lower Canada had French civil laws.
BIG 6:
This event was significant because it was the start of the "separatist movement" in Canada where Canada was split by the languages the citizens spoke.
(Documents Acts & Treaties) -
York (Nowadays Toronto) made Capital City of Upper Canada
Was supposed to only temporarily be the Capital of Canada but because of other plans falling through it became the permanent Capital. (Provincial Notes) -
New North West Company Created
A new fur trading company was made to compete with the North West Company, the name was chosen to try to trick people into thinking it was the North West Company so they could steal their customers. (Noteable Event) -
Alexander Mackenzie Knighted
He was knighted due to his contributions to the exploration of Canada. (Noteable Event) -
Battle of Sitka
The Battle of Sitka was the final large, armed confict between the First Nations and the Russians.
BIG 6:
Cause:
The Alaskian Natives destroyed a Russian trading post 2 years before this battle and this was their response.
Consequence:
The Russians gained control of "Castle Hill" and then later sold all of Alaska to the U.S. even though the first nations there argued that the Russians only owned "Castle Hill" (Wars & Battles) -
Le Canadien First Published
Le Canadien was a French newspaper published in lower Canada which sported the motto, "Nos institutions, notre langue et nos droits", which meant "Our institutions, our language, our rights". (Noteable Event) -
Slave Trade Act
This act made it so having slaves wasn't supported by the British Empire and it was the first step towards abolishing slavery. (Documents Acts & Treaties) -
War of 1812
The War of 1812 was a 2.5 year war between the British and its colonies and the United States.
BIG 6:
Cause:
The British + French imposed a series of economic sanctions on the U.S. The U.S. also did not improve of the British's use of Impressment.
Consequence:
After the war Canada and the U.S. have been at peace and have demilitarized their borders. Past that, in the 20th century and onwards the U.S. and Canada have become great allies.
(Wars & Battles) -
Battle of York
The Battle of York was a loss for Canada against the United States but it didn't cause a large military gain for the United States. (Wars and Battles) -
Treaty of Ghent
The Treaty of Ghent was the peace treaty that was signed between Great Britain and the United States that ended the War of 1812. (Documents Acts & Treaties) -
United States and Canada Border Established
The Canadian/American border was established on the 49th parralel.(Noteable Event) -
Hudson Bay Company merges with North West Company
BIG 6:
Cause:
North West Company was on its last legs and shareholders were forced to merge with the Hudson Bay Company
Consequence:
When the two companys merges a large amount of Metis People were forced into unemployment. (Noteable Event) -
The British Empire recieves a large amount of land in Ontario from the Chippewas First Nations
The Chippewas are also known as the Ojibwe. (Colonies & Settlements) -
The Great Mirimichi Fire
The Great Mirimichi Fire is a massive forest fire which was acitve in forests and communites thorughout much of northern New Brunswick. It is ranked as one of the three largest forest fires ever recoreded in North America. (Noteable Event) -
University of Toronto Opens
The University of Toronto opened up in 1827 and is the leading teaching and research university and it also has a vast and rich history. It was founded as Kings College and was the first institute of higher learning in upper Canada. (Noteable Event) -
York renamed to Toronto
Lt. Governor John Graves Simcoe founded Toronto in 1793. Although it was referred to as Toronto at the time Simcoe wanted to attract British immigrants so he wanted a more familiar British name. He chose the name for his new capital of Upper Canada York. It was then later changed to Toronto in 1834. (Colonies & Settlements) -
Joseph Howe argued for Freedom of the Press and Won
The trial of Joseph Howe was a court case heard 2 March 1835 in which newspaper editor Joseph Howe was charged with seditious libel in Nova Scotia.
BIG 6:
This event was significant because it started the process for freedom of the press, most all news sources we have right now wouldn't exist without freedom of the press because no one would write things that may get them arrested. (Noteable Events) -
Railway from St John, Quebec to La Prairie, Quebec
First public railway in Canada. Construction for the twenty five kilometer railroad began in 1835. (Noteable Event) -
Aroostook War
Aroostcok War is a bloodless conflict over the disputed boundary between the U.S. state of Maine and the British Canadian province of New Brunswick. (Wars and Battles) -
Postage Stamps Come into Use
Postage stamps come into use in 1840. (Noteable Event) -
The British North America Act
This act merged Canada into the one country that it is today.
BIG 6:
This event was significant because if upper and lower Canada were never merged we wouldn't be the same country that we are today, upper and lower Canada could be as different as Canada and the U.S. (Documents Acts & Treaties) -
Fort Victoria Built
Fort Victoria began as a fur trading post of the Hudson’s Bay Company and was the headquarters of HBC operations in the Columbia District, Construction of Fort Victoria in 1843 highlighted the beginning of Victoria, the capital city of British Columbia. (Colonies & Settlements) -
United States and Canada Border Extends into the Pacific along the 49th Parralell
The border between Canada and the United States is the longest international border in the world and is officaly known as International Boundary and is 8891 Kilometers long. (Noteable Event) -
Canada now has Full Control over Postal Service
Canada's first postage stamp is issued, a three-penny stamp with a beaver on it. (Noteable Event) -
Bytown becomes Ottawa
Bytown was founded on September 26, 1826, incorporated as a town on January 1, 1850, and became the City of Ottawa on January 1, 1855. (Colonies & Settlements) -
Fraser River Gold Rush Begins
At least 30 000 gold seekers flooded the banks of the Fraser River. Although short in duration, the Fraser Rush had a significant impact on the area's Aboriginal peoples.
Big 6:
Cause:
Gold deposits were found on the banks of the Fraser River.
Consequence:
Quickly established the colony of British Columbia because of the large amount of people rushing to the area. (Colonies & Settlements) -
Ottawa Becomes the Capital City of Canada
On this day, Queen Victoria chose Ottawa, Ontario as the capital city of Canada. At the time it was primarily a logging town. One of the primary reasons the Queen chose the city of Ottawa was that it was the only city that was located on the border of then Canada East and Canada West (Quebec and Ontario today) that was of significant size. (Colonies and Settlements) -
Corner Stone of the Parliment Buildings Laid
On September 1, 1860 the corer stone of the parliment building was laid down. (Noteable Event) -
First Female Student at Mount Allison University
Mount Allison University accepts the first woman student in Sackville, N.B. (Noteable Event) -
Charlottetown Conference
The Charlottetown Conference was held in Charlottetown to discuss Canadian Confederation.
BIG 6:
This event was significant because is was what set Canada's path to confederation in motion.(Noteable Event) -
Manitoba becomes Canadas's fifth province
When Louis Riel took over Fort Garry, he set up a provincial government and managed to persuade Sr John A Macdonald to agree to a list of righs. The result of this was the Manitoba Act of 1870. Provinical Notes -
Louis Riel is re-elected to the House of Commons
After Macdonals goverment resigns. Louis Riel is re elected into parliament but is expelled before taking his seat. Governers and Prime Minister -
The Supreme Court of Canada is establsihed
Bills for the creation of the supreme court were passed during 1869 and 1870, but were withdrawn. In 1875 the new bill was finally passsed. An important function of the Canadian Supreme Court was to diffrentiate the poweres between the federal and provincial governments. Before 1875 Canadian seeking a high court decision, had to go to London, England. Documents Acts and Treaties -
First Telephone Call
Alexander Graham Bell talkes to his assistant "Mr Watson, come here I would like to see you." This concluded the first telephone call and a break thorugh in sciense. Notable Events
Big six, historical significance. This even was significant because it provided lots of change for many people in the future. -
Canadian Pacific Railway recruits Cinese labourers
Canada needed a railroad that would stretch from one end of the country to the other. When the railroad had to be built throw the treachourous mountains of British Columbia, about 17,000 chinese men were recruited working for $1.00 a day. Colonies and Settlments. Big six, causes and consequences. The cause of this event made the construction for the railroad possible faster and cheaper then it would have been without the help of the chinese workers. -
Battle of Batoche
The Battle of Batoche was the decisive battle of the north west rebellion. Here the Metis people made their last stand aganist heavily armed forces under the leasership of General Fredrik Middleton . Wars and Battles -
Louis Riel is hanged
Riel was hanged in Regina, Saskatchewan for high treason for his role in the 1885 resistance to encroachment on Meits land. He was known as the Che Guevera of Canada and will always be remembered as the martyr of the metis people. Provincial Notes -
Wilferd Laurier becomes the leader of the liberals
Sir Wilfrid LaurierWilfred Laruier was the leader of the liberals from 1887-1919. He was a great politician who sought out national unity during a time of radical change. He supported immigration to western Canada as well as the construiction of the transcontinental railway. Governors and Prime Ministers -
National Council of Women is founded
An organization of women who work together on issues that affect our families, our communities and our country, and we bring them to the attention of our government. Provincial Notes -
Wilfred Laurier beomes Prime Minister
The seventh Prime Minister of Canada. He was in power unitl February 17, 1919 when he past away. His main focus as Prime Minister was the development of the country and national unity. Governors and Prime Minister. Big six, evidence. This cartoon shows us the two extremes of the time and how Laurier was in the middle of the two extremes. -
Gold is discovered in the Klondike
Bonanza Creek in the Yukon Territory of Canada was ground zero for the Klondike Gold Rush. Huge deposits of gold were discovered August 16, 1896. Exploration Discoveries -
The first Canadian troops sent overseas participate in the Boer War in South Africa.
The South African War or as it is also known, the Boer War, marked Canada's first official dispatch of troops to an overseas war. Battles and War -
Silver is discovered in Ontario
Silver is discovered in Cobalt, Ontario, along with cobalt and nickel. Ontario rapidly became one of the world's leading silver producing districts, yielding more than 18,000 metric tonnes of silver between 1903 and 1989, when the last mine closed.Exploratin Discoveries -
Canada competes in the Olympics for the first time
Canada wins an Olympic gold medal in soccer. Though known more as a country that specialized in hockey, a team from Galt, Ontario, defeated the Americans for gold at the Olympics in St. Louis. Notable Events. Big six, continuity and change. From competeing in the olympics for the first time Canada has become a fierce competitor in todays modern olympics. -
Saskatchewan and Alberta join confederation
The land that now forms Saskatchewan and Alberta was originally part of the Northwest Territories. By the beginning of the 1900s, many people wanted this to change. Provincial Notes -
A branch of the Royal Mint is established in Ottawa, making for the first time coins in Canada.
For the first fifty years of Canadian coinage, the coins were struck at the Royal Mint in London, though some were struck at the private Heaton Mint in Birmingham, England. As Canada emerged as a nation in its own right, its need for coinage increased. As a result, a branch of the Royal Mint was authorized to be built in Ottawa in 1901after being first proposed in 1890. Documents Acts and Treaties -
Canada in engaged in WW1
Britain declared war on Germany on August 4, 1914. As part of the British Empire, Canada was automatically at war, where Britain led, Canada must follow. The only thing in Canada’s power was the level with which it participated. Wars and Battles. Big six, cause and consequences. Canada being engaged in the world war cause 61,000 Canadians to be killed and 172,000 injured. Canada joining the war also helped defeat Germany. -
The Parliament buildings are destroyed by fire
While World War I was raging in Europe, the Canadian Parliament Buildings in Ottawa caught fire on a freezing February night in 1916. With the exception of the Library of Parliament, the Centre Block of the Parliament Buildings was destroyed and seven people died. Rumours were around that the Parliament Buildings fire was caused by enemy sabotage, but it was later concluded that the fire was by accident. Notable Events -
Women win the right to vote
Woman's right to vote Provincial Notes
Women win the right to vote in federal elections. -
WW1 ends
At the 11th hour on the 11th day of the 11th month of 1918, the Great War ends. The first world war left 61,000 Canadians dead and another 172,000 injured. Notable events -
Mckenzie King becmoes Prime Minister
Mackenzie King was the dominant Canadian political leader from the 1920s through the 1940s. He served as the tenth Prime Minister of Canada in 1921-1926, 1926-1930, and 1935-1948. He is best known for his leadership of Canada throughout the Second World War. Governments and Prime Ministers -
Nobel prize for the discovery of Insulin
InsulinThe discovery of insulin by Banting, Best, MacLeod, and Collip brought a cure for diabetes to Canada. Notable events -
The Chanak Crisis
The Chanak Crisis, also called the Chanak Affair and the Chanak Incident, was a war scare in September 1922 between Britain and Republic of Turkey. It was caused by Turkish efforts to push the Greek armies out of Turkey and restore Turkish rule in the Allied occupied territories of Turkey, primarily in Constantinople. Wars and Battles. Canada refused to send the Canadian expeditionary forces. -
The Imperial Conference
The 1926 Imperial Conference was the seventh Imperial Conference bringing together the prime ministers of the dominions of the British Empire. It was held in London from 19 October to 22 November.The conference was notable for producing the Balfour Declaration, that declared that Canada was not a subordinate. Big six. This event is signigicant because it produced the Balfour Declartion which made Canada in no way a subordinate to Britain, but still united because of the crown. -
British North America Act
Definig a personThe Supreme Court of Canada rules that the BNA Act does not define women as "persons" and are therefore not eligible to hold public office. Documents Acts and Treaties -
The Great Depression begins.
The Great Depression was a severe worldwide economic depression that took place during the 1930s. The timing of the Great Depression varied across nations; however, in most countries it started in 1929 and lasted until the late 1930s.It was the longest, deepest, and most widespread depression of the 20th century. Notable Events -
Heat wave
Seven hundred and eighty Canadians died when temperatures exceeded 42 degrees Celsius from Alberta to Ontario, in Canada's longest and deadliest heat wave. -
The Canadian Broadcasting Corporation is established.
The Canadian Broadcasting Corporation is a Canadian crown corporation that serves as the national public radio and television broadcaster. The English- and French-language services units of the corporation are commonly known as CBC and Radio-Canada. Notable events -
Canada declares war on Germany after approval by the Canadian parliament.
Britain and France, honouring their pledge to Poland, declared war on Germany on September 3. On September 7 Parliament met in special session; on September 9 it approved support to Britain and France; on September 10 King George VI announced that Canada had declared war. War and Battles. Big six. Canada joining the second world war affected it socially, politically, and economically. Canada joining the war also greatly helped defeat Germany. -
Canada joins the United Nations.
United NationsCanada was a founding country of the United Nations. Canada was there at the founding conference in San Fransisco. Documents Acts and Treaties. Big six. Canada being a founding nation of the united nations has brought aid to many countries around the world and helped solve many international problems -
World War 2 ends
World War 2Japan formally surrendering on September 2nd marked the end of the second world war. War and Battles -
Canadas largest earthquake
Canada's largest on land earthquake shakes Central Vancouver Island measuring 7.3 on the Richter Scale and causing extensive property damage. Seventy percent of the chimneys were knocked down in Courtenay, Cumberland, and Union Bay. The quake was felt from Oregon to Alaska and east to the Rocky Mountains. Notable events -
Newfoundland and Labrador join Confederation
Newfoundland joins confederation
Newfoundland and Labrador join Confederation as the tenth province.
Documents and Treaties -
The Korean War
The Korean War starts. Twenty-seven thousand Canadians serve and more than 1 600 are killed or wounded. War and Battles -
Former prime minister Lester B. Pearson is elected president of the United Nations General Assembly.
Lester B. PearsonLester Bowles "Mike" Pearson was a Canadian scholar, statesman, soldier and diplomat. He was the 14th Prime Minister of Canada from 22 April 1963 to 20 April 1968. Governors and Prime Ministers -
First television station
Canada's first television stations begin part-time broadcasts in Montréal and Toronto. Provincial notes -
The St. Lawrence Seaway opens.
Queen Elizabeth II and U.S. President Dwight Eisenhower officially open the St. Lawrence Seaway, which lets ocean vessels reach the Great Lakes. Notable Events. Big six. Opening the St. Lawrence Seway has helped boost the Canada's economy. -
Armed Forces
The air force, army, and navy are unified as the Canadian Armed Forces. Wars and battles -
100 Years of Confederation
Canada celebrates a hundred years of Confederation. Across the country, communities sponsor centennial projects. In Ottawa, on July 1, Queen Elizabeth II cuts a giant birthday cake. Notable events -
Trudeau for prime minister
Pierre Elliott Trudeau succeeds Lester Pearson as prime minister and leader of the Liberal Party. "Trudeaumania" sweeps the country. Governors and prime ministers. Big six. Pierre Elliot Trudeau becoming prime minister has done lots of good for Canada. He established a diplomatic relationship with China, improved our relationship with France, and the formation of a new Canadian constiution. -
English and French
Official languages actEnglish and French are both recognized as offical languages by the federal government. Documents acts and treaties -
October Crisis
href='http://http://www.canadahistory.com/sections/eras/trudeau/october_crisis.htm' >October Crisis</a>The October Crisis. After the FLQ kidnaps a Quebec government minister and a British trade commissioner, Prime Minister Trudeau invokes the War Measures Act, which allows Canadians to be arrested and held without being charged. Governors and prime ministers. Big six. The October Crisis ended on December 3, 1970 and it showed how far Trudeau would go to defeat the FLQ. The PQ then came in power. -
Nobel Prize
Gerhard HerzbergGerhard Hertzberg of Ottawa wins the Nobel Prize for Chemistry. Notable events -
Olympics
The Olympic games are held in Montréal. Provincial notes -
Bill 101
Bill 101Québec passes Bill 101, restricting English schooling to children of parents who had been educated in English schools. Documents acts and treaties -
Terry Fox passes away
Terry FoxTerry Fox dies. With one leg already lost to cancer, Fox attempted to run across Canada in 1980 in his Marathon of Hope to raise money for cancer research. But in September, near Thunder Bay, Ontario, cancer struck again and the run was called off. By the time of his death $24 million was raised for his cancer research fund. Notable Events -
Quebec bans public signs
Quebec In 1981 Quebec bans all public signs in english. Provincial notes -
Brian Mulroney becomes prime minister
John Turner succeeds Trudeau as Liberal prime minister but is soon defeated by Brian Mulroney's Conservatives. Governors and Prime ministers. Big six. Brian Mulroney brought in the free trade agreement, and oversaw the good and services tax, he is also known for his effort to get Quebec to sign the constitution. -
Meech Lake Accord
Mulroney and the provincial Premiers agree in principle to the Meech Lake Accord designed to bring Québec into the new Constitution. Docuements act and treaties -
Meech Lake Accord collapses
Meech Lake AccordNewfoundland Premier Clyde Wells further slows down the signing of the Meech Lake Accord, but a native member of the Manitoba legislative, Elijah Harper, deals it the fatal blow with his absolute refusal to accept Québec as Canada's principall. Provinical notes -
War in the Persian Gulf
The war in the Persian Gulf starts. Canada sends three warships, twenty-six fighter jets, and 2 400 people to the Persian Gulf as part of a United Nations effort to force Iraqi troops to withdraw from Kuwait. War and battles -
North American Free Trade Agreeement
North American Free Trade AgreementThe North America Free Trade Agreement comes into effect, linking Canada, the United States, and Mexico in a new economic partnership. Big six. The NAFTA has increased trade flows between North American borders, lowered trade barries and increased competion, and it has also caused economic growth -
Confederation Bridge
Confederation Bridge opens for business, linking Borden-Carleton, Prince Edward Island, and Cape Jourimain, New Brunswick. The 12.9 kilometer bridge cost $1 billion. Provincial events -
Ice Storm
The most desctructive and disruptive ice storm in Canadian history dropps close to one hundred millimetres of freezing rain in some areas of central and eastern Canada, affecting nearly 20 percent of Canada's population, mainly in Montreal and Ottawa. Notable events
