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Haitian Revolution
From 1791-1803, one of the largest/most successful slave revolutions in history took place. Freed and enslaved rebels executed an island-wide revolt by destroying sugar and coffee plantations and killing French slave owners. Toussaint L’Ouverture was a freed slave who was a key military and political leader of the revolution. January 1 marks Haitian Independence Day - the island’s indigenous Taino name Ayiti was restored and this day is celebrated with cultural foods such as Soup Joumou. -Miah -
Harlem Renaissance
The Harlem Renaissance was an intellectual and cultural revival of African American music, dance, art, fashion, literature, theater, politics and scholarship centered in Harlem, Manhattan, New York City, spanning the 1920s and 1930s. -
Tulsa Race Massacre "Black Wall Street." May 31 – June 1, 1921
Took place when mobs of white residents, some of whom had been appointed as deputies and armed by city officials, attacked black residents and destroyed homes and businesses. The event is one of "the single worst incident(s) of racial violence in American history" and has been described as one of the deadliest terrorist attacks in the history of the United States. Burned and destroyed more than 35 square blocks of the neighborhood the wealthiest black communities in the United States. -
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Forced Sterilization of Indigenous Women
In the early 1900's forced sterilization procedures were performed on women of color.
Mexican women were also heavily targeted primarily for eugenics purposes, Mexican and Mexican-American women were given the stereotype as “hyper-fertile” and were believed to lack the knowledge of birth control methods due to the high numbers of teen pregnancies'. It has created a lack of trust in the medical system.
Sarahi M. Silva -
1935: Wiley College Wins National Debate Title
Wiley College was the first Black team and HBCU to compete in a champion debate round, and first to win. Though, the win was unrecognized as the activity was not yet desegregated. Interracial debates were an integral part of challenging the myth of Black inferiority. And proof that Black intellectualism thrived despite a backdrop of segregation and lynchings, which made traveling to tournaments dangerous. This win helped desegrated debate & trained Civil Rights Leaders (J. Farmer) Ta'Mara -
Partition of India August 15, 1947
The partition of India in 1947 forced my grandparents to flee the newly minted 'Pakistan' and flee to India for their lives. From farm owning families, they became refugees and many of them lost families, land and means of earning. They came with just the clothes on their back and started over as farm laborers. I grew up listening to stories of how things would have been, had the partition not happened and how they felt uprooted and lost for the rest of their lives. -
Brown v. Board of education
Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, KS. The landmark U.S. Supreme Court decision in which the Court ruled that U.S. state laws establishing racial segregation "Separate but Equal" in public schools are unconstitutional, even if the segregated schools are otherwise equal in quality. The Court found that racially segregated schools were inherently discriminatory and violated the 14th amendment to the United States Constitution guaranteeing “all citizens equal protection of the laws”. -
Assassination of Malcolm X
February 21, 1965: In New York City, Malcolm X, an African American nationalist and religious leader, is assassinated while addressing his Organization of Afro-American Unity at the Audubon Ballroom in Washington Heights. He was 39. -
The Founding of the Black Arts Movement
Following the deaths of Malcom X, MLK, and Patrick Lumumba and the politicization of black students there was a great deal of racial tension and despite victories in Civil Rights there was still rampant racism and oppression happening coupled with the Watts uprising in 1965, this resulted in unprecendented opportunities for black creatives to epistemolize the Black experience through means of music, literature, drama, and the visual arts. -
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Black Arts Movement
Founded by poet, Amiri Bakara, artists such as Audre Lorde, Ntozake Shange, James Baldwin, Gil Scott-Heron, Maya Angelou and Thelonious Monk were a part of the movement. The Black Arts Movement was a epistemological and ideological movement where African-American artists, poets, speakers, musicians and activists came together in an effort to give meaning to the Black experience through music, literature, drama, and the visual arts from 1965-1975. -
Compton Cafeteria Riots: Trans women and Drag Queens of San Francisco fight police harassment (B. Rosas)
In 1966, a few years before the Stonewall riots in New York, police were constantly harassing trans women and drag queens who lived in Tenderloin neighborhood of San Francisco. This neighborhood was home to queer people, but they were met with rapid gentrification and police harassment. One night a trans woman got fed up with being mistreated and threw a cup of coffee in a police officer's face, which started prompted a trans led riot against police, ending in broken windows and fires. -
1968
There were so many events in 1968 that changed who I am as a person and altered the future of the USA. It all started when sanitation workers were killed in Memphis Sanitation Workers Strike
and continued to the Assassination of Martin Luther King, Jr. the riots that engulfed this country that summer. Assassination of Bobby Kennedy. Promises! -
Third World Liberation Front Strike of 1968-1969
The longest college student strike in American history took place at San Francisco State University between 1968-1969. Black, Asian American, Chicano, Latino, and Indigenous students fought together for Ethnic Studies, open admissions, and a relevant curriculum. This led to the first College of Ethnic Studies in the nation, as well as a subsequent strike at UC Berkeley, and numerous strikes for decades nationwide. The fight continues.- Liz
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Black Panther Party Free Clinics
In response to systemic discrimination against Black folx in hospitals and private medical practices, the Black Panther Party started Peoples’ Free Medical Clinics (PFMC). PFMCs primarily provided first aid and basic services such as childhood vaccinations and screenings for high blood pressure, lead poisoning, tuberculosis, and diabetes. In 1971 PFMCs began community education and screening of sickle cell anemia, a genetic disease mainly affecting people of African ancestry. -
The Day Hip Hop Was Born
DJ Kool Herc’s innovation: “people used to wait for particular parts to dance, Those moments occurred at the drum breaks—the moments in a record when the vocals and other instruments would drop out completely for a measure or two of pure rhythm. What he decided to do was to use the two turntables to switch back and forth repeatedly between two copies of the same record, extending the short drum break that the crowd most wanted to hear. He called it Merry Go-Round. Today, it is the “break beat.” -
Philippines Refugee Camp to Sioux Falls, South Dakota
On April 30th, 1975 fall of Saigon occurred, signaling the end of the Vietnam War. My mom, dad, older sister and I fled Vietnam and sought asylum in the Philippines. "Two camps existed in the Philippines: the Philippine First Asylum Camp and the Philippine Refugee Processing Centre (Sunga, n.d.)." Thuba Nguyễn -
American Indian Religious Freedom Act
In 1978, The American Indian Religious Freedom Act was passed by US Congress. Prior to this, colonial laws prohibited Natives from exercising our own religion. Natives were not included in the Bill of Rights Religious Freedom. This had long-lasting traumatic impacts on people Indigenous to Turtle Island. Passing the American Indian Religious Freedom Act was momentous in that it gave basis to allow us to exercise our rights as American people to practice our own religion. -
Immigration Reform and Control Act of 1986
Congress.gov, Passed House amended (10/09/1986) Summary: S.1200 – 99th Congress (1985-1986): President Ronald Regan signed the Immigration Reform and Control Act in November 1986. This legislation tightened restrictions on the employment of noncitizens and provided a pathway to legalization and work permits for noncitizens who entered the United States before January 1, 1982 (and met other conditions). Photo retrieved from the Library of Congress, https://www.loc.gov/item/2004665380/. -Hannah -
Mandal Commission Protests about caste quotas
The caste oppression took a new turn when the Mandal Commission recommended 27% quota for the people of backward classes, igniting protests all over India in which many high caste youth immolated themselves in public. My community of low caste weavers lived in fear of riots and violence. It was a hard time for all as the caste politics became a raging topic and country seemed very divided by it. -
Eritrean Independence
Eritrea fought for a 30ish year war and gained its Independence in 1991. The UN recognized the country in 1993. This is significant because many Eritreans died and everyone told them they couldn't win. This impacted many Eritreans around the world to showcase resilience. Alex Abraha -
April 6, 1996 Liberian Civil War
April 6, 1996 -- Fighting breaks out in Monrovia, Liberia when Charles Taylor tries to arrest rival warlord Roosevelt Johnson. U.S. airlifts out Americans and citizens of other countries, the
third such airlift from Liberia since 1990. On that Saturday morning, Liberians were listening to dreadful sound of automatic raffles, expulsions from tons of rocket propel grenades, and voices of militia groups, violently screaming at the top of their lungs. -
Major Taylor Bicycling Club Of Minnesota
In as in the past, cycling is dominant by the white culture. In spite of open racism and threats, Major Taylor became the first African-American cycling world champion between at age 19 and held an astonishing over 16 years. Major Taylor Bicycling Club Of Minnesota was form to foster cycling in Twin Cities' African-American communities. It is one the oldest black club of it's kind found by a group of MN amateur black cyclists. -
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Donald Trump and Narendra Modi
The election of Narendra Modi (for India and Indian Community worldwide) and Trump in the US (Indian community as immigrant community) became a big social event as it escalated religious hatred (in India) and 'took the lid off' of Racial hatred (in the US). A lot of immigrant community was directly impacted with stricter visa rules in the US. In India, it opened a chapter of religious hatred and communal riots, the heat of which was visible in 'Hindutva' debates!!! -
George Floyd
George Perry Floyd Jr. was an African-American man who was murdered by a police officer in Minneapolis, Minnesota, during an arrest after a store clerk suspected Floyd may have used a counterfeit twenty-dollar bill, on May 25, 2020. -
2020 Lekki Shooting
EndSARS is a decentralised social movement, and series of mass protests against police brutality in Nigeria. The slogan calls for the disbanding of the Special Anti-Robbery Squad, a notorious unit of the Nigerian Police with a long record of abuse on Nigerian citizens. On October 20th, 2022, the Nigerian army opened firmed on unarmed End SARS protestors at the Lekki toll gate in Lagos State, Nigeria and 12 protesters were murdered during this shooting. -
Collapse of AFG Gov, and Evacuation
Collapse
- Afraid to walk out
- Destroying Docs (foreign docs) Post collapse
- No laws, except those based on religion => no employment
- No education
- Change in how guardianship is practiced (only men)
- No freedom of speech, belief, or clothing Evacuation
- Cultural differences (shock!) => no space for women to work based on different cultural understanding (ppl's perspective about US culture)
- language barrier => Financial dependency (no jobs)- points
- Education
- Hope
- rape (tool)
