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- Greek legends, were passed orally
- Important texts, Iliad and the Odyssey
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From 1200 bce-455 ce
This period has 4 subsets -
- Greek writer
- Playwrights and philosopher that include Socrates, Aristoteles, Euripides, Sophocles
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Beowulf
Caedmon - Cædmon's Hymn
Cynewulf - Dream of the Rood, Harrowing of Hell and Physiologus. -
- Roman writes includes Horus and Virgil
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- It is a vital point in the history of Christianity age, end the apostolic age in 451 ce
- It describes the cohesion between Judaism and christiany and various theological points being sorted.
- Saint Jerome complied the bible Christianity and across Europe
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- Dark age- Rome fell and barbaria tribes move into Europe
- Literature produced from invasion of celtic England by Germanic tribes
- Began to develop from oral tradition and in the 8 th century poetry written in the vernacular anglosaxon
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This period subdivided into 2 sub periods
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- Produced literature which as written in the 4 and half centuries between the norman conquest of 1066 and 1500 when the standard literature language derived from the dialect of the London area.
- This was recognizable as modern English
- The seconf half of 14 century vernacular literature consisted primarily of religious writings
- Writters Geoffrey Chaucer, anonymous, sir wayne
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Geoffrey Chaucer - Translation of Roman de la Rose.
Robert Henryson - Morall Fabillis
John Gower - Speculum Meditantis -
1485-1558 created the first protestan church in England -
15-16 and 17 century in Britain
This is sub divided into 5 subsets -
William Shakespeare - Romeo and Juliet
Edmund Spenser - The Faerie Queene
John Milton - Paradise Lost
Emilia Bassano - Salve Deus -
The Elizabeth age of English literature coincides with the reign of Elizabeth the first. Major features: lyrics, poetry, prose and drama were the major styles of literature. Important writers William Shakespeare, ben jhonson, Edmund spencer -
Coincides with the reign of James the first, during this time the literature became sophisticated, somber and conscious of social abuse and rivalry. Produced rich prose and drama.
William shakespear and ben jhonson wrote during this age -
- Coincides with the reign of Charles the first, the writes of this age wrote with refinements and elegance. This era produced a circle of poets know as the cavaliers poets and the dramatists of the age were poets and the dramatists of this age were the last to write in the Elizabethan tradition.
- Puritan interregmun 1649-1660,.literature produced during the time of puritan leader Oliver Cromwell. John Milton, Thomas hobbes, political theatise, levithan and the pros of Andrew marvel
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- Restoration of the monarchy and the triumn of reason and tolerance over religious and political passion
- Procude an abudance of prose and poetry and the distractive comedy of manners know as restoration comedy
- Major writers john dyden, John Wilmet, John Locke
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REFERS TO THE INCREASED INFLUENCE OF CLASSICAL LITERATURE UPON THESE CENTURIES
INCREASED REVERENCE FOR LOGIC AND DISTAIN FOR SUPERSTITION
Was influenced by contemporary French literature
This period is divided into 3 subsets -
It deliveres the name from the brilliant literary period of Virgil and Ovid under the roman emperor Augustus.
Refers to literature with the predominal characteristics of refinements, clarity, elegance and balance of judgments
Released the first English novels by Defoe
During the age of sensibility literature reflected the world view of Enligment and began to emphatize instinct and feeling rather than judgement and restraint growing symplathy
Interested in medival ballads and folk literature -
A lot of writers continued to write during the Georgian period.
Produced a group of poets knows as Georgian poets.
Were published in 4 anthologies entitled Georgian poetry published.
Modernism provided a radical break with traditional modes of literature. -
Because the dominant authors of this period were Samuel Jhonson and his literary circle -
Began in 18 th century in western Europe and spread to America
The writing of the romantics were considered innovative based
Should be spontaneous, imaginative, personal and free
Gothic literature bron grotessc, wild , savage, mysterious and melodramatic -
Began with the accession of queen Victoria to the throne in 1837 and latested until her death
Spends over decades
The year 1870 is often used to divided the era into early Victorian and late Victorian
Deals with issues and problems of the day some contemporary- social economy, religious, intellectual issues and problems surrounding the industrial revolution growing class tension. The impact of Charles Darwin theory of evolution on philosophy and religion. -
In usa romanticism found it voice in the poets and novelist of the American renaissance
The period come of age of an expression of national spirirt
The writters utilized native dialect, history landscapes and characters in order to explore uniquely American issues. -
Took origin in America and envolve into a predominantly literary expression
The adherence to transcendentalism believed that knowledge could be arrived at not just through the senses to though intuition and contemplation of the internal spirit. -
This was a huge literary movement in a way that it attempted to portray and accurate detailed picture or ordinary contemporary life
The literary of this time was very realistic and contained detailed description of what happened during the civil war
Class is important use of symbolism in controlled and limited mark twains the adventures of Tom Sawyer and Huckleberry -
In specific to the usa it attempts to apply scientific principles of objectivity and detachment to it is study of human beings focuses on the brute with of each indifferences force acting on the lives of human beings.
The persons are fated to whatever station in life their heredity environment and social conditions prepared them for the power of primitive emotions to negate human reason was also are recurring element. -
King Edward VII and spans the time from queen Victoria’s death 1910 to the Beginning of the first world war in 1914
The British empire was at its height and the wealthy lived lives of materialistic luxury however
Reflected and comment the social conditions attacked social injustice
Selfishness of the upper classes. -
King Eduard VII and spans the time from queen Victoria’s death 1910 to the Beginning of the first world war in 1914
The British empire was at its height and the wealthy lived lives of materialistic luxury however
Reflected and comment the social conditions attacked social injustice
Selfishness of the upper classes -
James Joyce - Ulysses
Franz Kafka - The Castle
Katherine Mansfield - The Collected Letters of Katherine Mansfield -
Includes the Edwardian Period 1901 – 1910 and Georgian Period 1910 – 1915
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A lot of writers continued to write during the Georgian period.
Produced a group of poets knows as Georgian poets.
Were published in 4 anthologies entitled Georgian poetry published.
Modernism provided a radical break with traditional modes of literature. -
They struggled to find some meaning in the world in the wake of chaos
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During this time many African- American migrated from the south to northern cities seeking economic and creative opportunities
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Kurt Vonnegut - Hocus Pocus
Thomas Pynchon - Mason & Dixon
Kathy Acker - Don Quixote: Which Was a Dream
John Barth - The Floating Opera -
Following world war 2
Multinationalism and capitalism -
Nations consciousness
Beat poets sought to transform poetry into an expression of genuine lived experience. -
Study of the colonization , metaphysical, ethical and political concerns about cultural identify gender, race, ethnicity and power.
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Confessional poetry is the poetry of the private experiences with feeling about death, trauma, depression and relationships.
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Alice Walker - Possessing the Secret of Joy
James Baldwin - If Beale Street Could Talk
Terry McMillan - A Day Late and a Dollar Short