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Vikings who came from Scandinavia explored the coast of labrador and may have stayed the winter in newfondland. Vikings later tried to set up colonies in the regions but their attempts failed.
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Claudius Ptolmey had drawn maps of round wotrld complete with 360 lines of longtiude it became very influential and its basic lines of longtiide and latitude.
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In the 1480s Cloumbus served on several Portuguese expedtions to Africa, In the process he developed his theory that the easiest wau to reach Asia was to sail across the Atlantic.
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The treaty of Tordesillas did two things, portugals right to control the route ariund Africa to India and it also confirmed spain's claim to the new lands of America .
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In may 1497 John Cabot headed west across the Atlantic. King Henry vII of England has sent cabot to "discover and find whatsoever isles, countries, regions or provinces.
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Hernan Cortes at age 19 had boarded a ship bound for spanish the spanish indies, he had no idea then that 15 years later he would change the lives of millions of people, On february 18, 1519 cortes set sail for Mexico he had 11 ships,550 men and 16 horses.
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Magellan's expedition of 1519–1522 became the first expedition to sail from the Atlantic Ocean into the Pacific Ocean and the first to cross the Pacific. Magellan did not complete the entire voyage, as he was killed during the Battle of Mactan in the Philippines
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In 1532, Spanish conquistador Francisco Pizarro began his bloody conquest of the mighty Inca Empire. Gold-rich Inca, high in the frigid mountains of Peru. Francisco Pizarro, Hernán Cortés sets out with 200 men to defeat the last great New World Empire.
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September 8, 1565, Pedro Menéndez de Avilés landed on the shore of what is now called Matanzas Bay and began the founding of the Presidio of San Agustin. Later the settlement would be called St. Augustine, Florida
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in 1587 sir Humprhey Gilbert a well known enlighs solider recieved a charter from queen elizabeth.One of the great mysteries of North America, Roanoke's so-called "Lost Colony" of 90 men, 17 women and 9 children, founded in 1587 and discovered to be missing in 1590,Although both the English and the Spanish searched for clues to the colony's disappearance for many years, the mystery has never been solved.
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Jamestown Settlement and the Yorktown Victory Center. Experience the story of America’s beginnings – from the founding of America’s first permanent English colony in 1607 to the Revolution and the establishment of a new nation almost two centuries later
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Samuel De Champlin who was a royal geographer to help them colonize North America. In 1608 he founded Quebec which became the capital of the new colony if New France.
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Santa Fe was founded in either 1607 or 1609 by Don Pedre de Peralta, the third governor of the Province of New Mexico, who built the Palace of Governors and the Plaza and planned a walled city. Santa Fe has been a seat of government since its founding.
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In 1619 the first Africans were brought to Jamestown. Their status is presumed to have been indentured servitude. Over the course of a few decades the enslavement of black Africans was established, in the individual English Colonies of North American.
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After his arrival in Jamestown in 1619, Governor George Yeardley immediately gave notice that the Virginia colony would establish a legislative assembly. This assembly, the House of Burgesses, first met on July 30, 1619.
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Pilgrims found it difficult to live in Holland, In September 1620, 102 passengers set off on the journey to across the Atlantic . The pilgrims sighted Cape Cod and tried to follow the coastline south.
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The passengers of the Arbella who left England in 1630 with their new charter had a great vision. They were to be an example for the rest of the world in rightful living. Future governor John Wintrop stated their purpose quite clearly: "We shall be as a city upon a hill, the eyes of all people are
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in 1630, Governor John Winthrop, with the company charter tightly in hand, guided the arrival of nearly 1000 colonists to the New World. The initial parties stopped first at Salem, but soon established a permanent settlement on the Shawmut Peninsula of Massachusetts Bay later to be called Boston.
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in 1634, at the mouth of the river Potomac, purchased from the Indians Yoamaco, a considerable village. Several circumstances contributed to the rapid growth and prosperity of Maryland.
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In New England the fall line the area where rivers descend from high elvation to a lower one causing waterfalls, waterfalls were used to power sawmills. the first sawmill in the colonies were probably built in New Hampshire in 1635.
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In 1636, Roger Williams founded the colony of Rhode Island on the premise of separation of church and state. This colony was the first to guarantee freedom of worship for all its citizens. Roger Williams views later became a part of the future United States prohibition against state sponsored religion.
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The first wriiten constitutation of the American colonies. Their goverment Winthrop that the colonists wanted to "unite ourselves to walk and lie peaceably and lovingly together." Ludlow drafted the Fundamental Orders, which were adopted on January 14, 1639.
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The English Civil War started in 1642 when Charles I raised his royal standard in Nottingham. The split between Charles and Parliament was such that neither side was willing to back down over the principles that they held and war was inevitable as a way in which all problems could be solved.
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n 1654, twenty-three Jewish refugees from Recife, Brazil, landed at New Amsterdam (now Manhatten Island) . Like many events in Jewish history the arrival of this group of refugees was the result of a fortuitous occurrence - they were blown off course
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The Restoration of Monarchy in 1660 ended eleven years (1649 1660) when England, Wales, Scotland and Ireland had no monarch and was to all intents a republic. The first major reason was the unpopularity of the army and religious policies at the time. The austerity of the rule of Cromwell enforced by the army had run its course.
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In 1664 King Charles decided that the time had come to seize New Netherland. In March Charles granted akk the land from the Delware Bay to the Connecticut river to his brother James, the duke of york.
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King Philip's War begins when King Philips leads the Wampanoag Indians against Swansea.
The New England Confederation declares war on King Philip and each colony is required to provide men for a combined force. -
In April 1676 Nathanial Bacon took up the cause of the backcountry farmers when the Native Americans attacked his plantations so Bacon wanted to do something. Bacon organized his own milita and he attacked the Native Americans.
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After whose death, King Charles settled by granting Penn a large area west and south of New Jersey on March 4, 1681. Penn called the area Sylvania (Latin for woods), which Charles changed to Pennsylvania in honor of the elder Penn. Perhaps the king was glad to have a place where religious and political outsiders.
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1681, Penn gave his cousin William Markham power to contol Pennsylvania, and Penn left for England to make plans and laws for the new colony. In England, Penn drew up the First Frame of Government. This was his idea for a contitution in Pennsylvania. Later, in October 1682, the Proprietor arrived in Pennsylvania on the ship Welcome.
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The settlers to Germantown came from the Lower Rhine where German and Dutch cultural ways mingled. These thirty-three settlers from Krefeld, Germany who established the first sizable, stable and distinctly German settlement in America at Germantown, PA in 1683, were followed by more than seven million immigrants to our shores from German-speaking countries. The city of Krefeld west of the Rhine near Düsseldorf, known for the manufacture of silk and linen, prided itself on being a haven of tolera
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In 1686 the english government merged masachusets, plymouth and rhode island together to create a new royal province call the dominion of new england
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James II insisited upon his divine right to rule and he frequenlty rejected the advice of parliment. Many memebers of parliamnent worried if James continue to act in this manner he might lead the country into another cilvil war
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The outward passage from Europe to Africa carrying manufactured goods.The middle passage from Africa to the Americas or the Caribbean carrying African captives and other commodities’ The homeward passage carrying sugar, tobacco, rum, rice, cotton and other goods back to Europe. By the 1790s there were 480,000 enslaved people in British Caribbean colonies.
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John Locke a political philospher asserted that all people were born with natural rights to life. He believed that if a goverment violated people's rights the people were justifed in changing the goverment
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1692, nineteen men and women, all having been convicted of witchcraft, were carted to Gallows Hill, a barren slope near Salem Village, for hanging. Another man of over eighty years was pressed to death under heavy stones for refusing to submit to a trial on witchcraft charges. Hundreds of others faced accusations of witchcraft; dozens languished in jail for months without trials until the hysteria that swept through Puritan Massachusetts subsided.
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In 1705 virgina pulled all these different laws together to form a slave code .The slave codes were a set of laws that formally regulated slavery and defined the relationship between enslaved Africans and free people .
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The first group of settlers to reach Georgia arrived in early 1733 on the frigate Anne. James Edward Oglethorpe, the only Trustee ever to visit Georgia, accompanied this group of one hundred and fourteen. they weathered the voyage in relatively good health. During the crossing there were only two deaths
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The Zenger trial opens with the reading of the information against Zenger by prosecutor Bradley, Attorney General of the king for the province of New York. Judges make clear that in order to prove the charge of "seditious libel" prosecutors need only prove that the statements in question were printed.
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Early on the morning of Sunday, September 9, 1739, 20 black slaves met in secret near the Stono River in South Carolina to plan their escape to freedom.The group of slaves grew in number as they headed south. Stono's Rebellion, the largest slave uprising in the Colonies prior to the American Revolution, was under way.
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Indigo was used to make blue dye for cloth. In the early 1740's 17 years old Eliza Lucas began expermenting with the Indigo plant . Lucas discovered that indigo needed a high ground and sandy soil not the wetlands that was best suited for rice.
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The french and Indian war fought three major wars between 1689 amd 1748 , most of it took place in Europe but eventually it came to America.
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The Treaty of Paris of 1783, negotiated between the United States and Great Britain, ended the revolutionary war and recognized American independence. The Continental Congress named a five-member commission to negotiate a treaty–John Adams, Benjamin Franklin, John Jay, Thomas Jefferson, and Henry Laurens. Laurens
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Strictly enforcing customs duties, Grenville also introduced the American Revenue act of 1764 better known aas the sugar act, This act changed thr tax rates levied on raw sugar and molasses.
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The stamp act passed parliament in March 1765 , this required stamps to be placed on most printed materials, including newspapers phamphletes posters, etc.Thestamp act was different then others in the colonies paid britian.
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Charles Townshed thr chancellor of the Exchequer intrroduced a new a series of regultions and taxes in 1767 that came to be called the townshed act
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ardliners in the British government, looking for reasons to clamp down on the Bay colony, found their cause last December when the Sons of Liberty made a salty Darjeeling of Boston Harbor. 342 crates of tea were dumped into the ocean in response to a parliamentary act which imposed restrictions on the purchase of tea in the colonies.
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The first Continental Congress met in Carpenter's Hall in Philadelphia, from September 5, to October 26, 1774. Carpenter's Hall was also the seat of the Pennsylvania Congress. All of the colonies except Georgia sent delegates. These were elected by the people, by the colonial legislatures, or by the committees of correspondence of the respective colonies
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April 19, 1775, he would send out regiments of British soldiers quartered in Boston. Their destinations were LEXINGTON, where they would capture Colonial leaders Sam Adams and John Hancock, then CONCORD, where they would seize gunpowder.
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As a result, the Second Continental Congress met in Philadelphia in June of 1776. Slightly more than a month later, the Declaration of Independence was proposed to the States. John Hancock, the first signatory, was the only person to sign on July 4. Many of the other delegates would place their names on the completed Document on August 2 of that same year. The last person to sign, the New Hampshire delegate Matthew Thornton, endorsed the document on November 4, 1776.
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The main American force under Washington entered Trenton from the North-West. Sullivan marched around the town and attacked from the South. The remainder took a position to the North East cutting off the Hessians’ retreat.
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American victory in October 1777, the success at Saratoga gave France the confidence in the American cause to enter the war as an American ALLY. Later American successes owed a great deal to French aid in the form of financial and military assistance.
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Washington's army had spent the summer of 1777 fighting a string of losing battles. The Americans harassed the British army in skirmishes and minor battles for much of the fighting season. In December, Washington marched his tired, beaten, hungry and sick army to VALLEY FORGE, a location about 20 miles northwest of British-occupied Philadelphia.
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Cornwallis and Washington began negotiating the terms of British surrender in their correspondence of October 17, 1781. Cornwallis knew that his soldiers had been devastated by continual artillery fire from Knox over several weeks, that Clinton’s reinforcements were weeks from arriving, and that a renewal of hostilities would cause more death and bloodshed. This copy of the final list of terms, known as the Articles of Capitulation, was created by Samuel Shaw, Henry Knox’s aide-de-camp.
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On September 3rd, 1783, the Treaty of Paris was signed by the three American negotiators, John Adams, Benjamin Franklin and John Jay, and David Hartley, representing King George III. The treaty was signed at the historical Hotel d’York in Paris. The Treaty of Paris was ratified by the American Congress of the Confederation on January 14, 1784 and by British Parliament on April 9, 1784.
