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IBM offers Bill Gates the opportunity to develop the operating system for the soon-to-be announced IBM personal computer. With the development of MS-DOS, Microsoft achieves growth and success.
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Alan Shugart presents the Winchester hard drive (Cakera liat), revolutionizing storage for personal computers.
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Signaling IBM's entrance into the Personal Computer marketplace. The IBM PC quickly gamers the largest share of the personal computer market and becomes the personal computer of choice in business.
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Dr. John V.Atanasoff and Clifford Berry design and build the first electronic digital computer. Their machine, the Atanasoff-Berry-Computer (ABC) provides the foundation for advances in electronic digital computers.
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Dr. John von Neumann writes a briliant paper describing the stored program concept. He generate and breakthrough tghe ideas where memory holds both data and stored programs, lays the founbdation for all digital computers that have since been built.
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Dr. John W. Mauchly and J. Presper Eckert, Jr. complete work on the first large scale electronic. The ENIAC ;
1. Weights 30 Tons,
2. 18,000 vacuum tubes
3. Occupies 30 x 50 ft space
4. Consumes 160kw of power P/s: The first time the ENIAC is turned on, the entire Philadelphia's lights gets dimmer. -
William Shockley, John Bardeen, and Walter Brattain invent the transfer resistance device, eventually called transistor.
The transistor would revolutionize computers, proving much more reliable than vacuum tubes. -
The first commercially available electronic digial computer, the UNIVAC I (Universal Automatic Computer) is introduced by Rennington Rand, Public awareness of computers increases when the UNIVAC I, after analyzing only five percent of the popular vote, correctly predicts that Dwights D, Eisenhower will win the presidential election.
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The IBM model 650 is one of the first widely used computer systems. Originally planning to produce only 50 machines, the system is so successful that eventually IBM manufactures more than 1,000. With the IBM 700 series of machines, the company will dominate the mainframe market for the next decade. Core memory, developed in the early 1950, provides much larger capacities than Vacuum Tubes memory.
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FORTRAN (Formula Translation), an efficient, easy-to-use programming language introduced by John Backus. The IBM RAMAC systems is the first to use magnetic disk for external storage. The systems provides storage capacity similar to magnetic tape taht previously was used, but offers the advantage of semi-random access capability.
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Jack Kilby of Texas Instruments invents the integrated circuit, which lays the foundation for high speed computers and large-capacity memories. Computers built with transistors mark the beginning of the second generation of computer hardware.
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COBOL, a high-level application language, is developed by a committee headed by Dr. Grace Hopper. COBOL uses English-like phrases and runs on most business computers, making it one of the more widely used programming languages.
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Third Generation Computers has grown to 18,000. With their controlling circuity stored on chips, are introduced. The IBM System/360 computers is the first family of compatible machines, merging science and business lines.
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Dr. John Kemeny of Dartmouth leads the development of the BASIC programming language. BASIC will widely used on personal computers. Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC) introduces the first mini computer, the PDP-8. The machine is used extensively as interface for time-sharing systems.
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Alan Shugart at IBm demonstrates the first regular use of an 8-inch floppy disk. In a letter to the editor titled, "GO TO Statements Considered Harmful," Dr. Edsger Djisktra introduces the concept of structured programming, developing standards for constructing computer programs. Computer Science Corporation becomes the first software company listed on the New York Stock Exchange
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IBM announces some of their software will be priced separately from computer hardware. This allows their firms to emerge in the industry. The ARPANET network, a precedessor of the internet is established.
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Built with chips that use LSI (Large Scale Integration) arrive. While the chips used in 1965 contained as many as 1,000 circuits, the LSI chip contains as many as 15,000.
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Dr. Ted Hoff of Intel Corporation develops a microprocessor or microprogrammable computer chip, the Intel 4004.
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Ethernet, the first LAN is developed at Xerox PARC (Palo Alto Research Center) by Robert Metcalf. The LAN allows computers to communicate and share software, data and peripherals. Initially design to link the computers. Ethernet will be extended to personal computers.
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Steve Jobs and Steve Wozniak build the first Apple computer. A subsequent version, the Apple II is an immediate success. Adopted by elementary schools, high schools and colleges, for many students, Apple II is the first contact with the world of computers.
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More than 3 million Personal Computers are sold. Compaq Inc. is founded to develop and market IBM-compatible PCs. Hayes introduced the 300bps smart modem. The modem is immediate succes.
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Its spreadsheet software, Lotus 1-2-3, which combines spreadsheet, graphics and database programs in one package, becomes the best-selling program for IBM PCs.
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- Uses the Intel 80286 Microprocessor.
- Hewlett-Packard (HP) announces the first Laser Jet Printer for PCs.
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Apple introduces MAcintosh computer which incorporates a unique, easy to learn graphical user interface.
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Several PCs utilizing the powerful Intel 80386 microprocessors are introduced. These machines perform processing that once only large systems could handle.
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Microsoft surpasses Lotus Development Corporation to become the world's top software vendor.
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Intel becomes the world's first million transistor microprocessor. It crams 1.2 million transistors on a 4" x 6" silver silicone and executes 15 million instructions per second- 4 times as fast as its predecessor, the 80386 chip.
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Microsoft Releases Windows 3.1, the latest version of its windows operating system. It also offers improvemement such as True Type fonts, multimedia capability, and object linking and embedding (OLE). In 2 months, 3 million Windows 3.1 are soald.
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The Pentium Chip is the successor to the Intel 486 processor. It contains 3.1 million transistors and is capable performing 112 million instructions per seconds.
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Marc Andressen creates a graphical web browser called Mosaic.
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Jim Clark and Marc Andressen found Netscape and launch Netscape Navigator 1.0 a browser for the world wide web.
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Sun Microsystems launched JAVA, an object oriented programming language that allows user to write one application for a variety platforms.
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A handheld personal organizer.
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An operating systems for client server networks.
To deploy business applications. -
IBM supercomputer (Deep Blue) defeats world chess champion Gary Kasparov in a six games chess competition.
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A new web browser.
Apple and Microsoft sign a joint technology development agreement. Microsoft buys 150million of Apple Stock. -
Intel Introduces Pentium II with 7.5 million transistors.
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10 million people telecommunicating and use internet to spur online shopping etc.
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An upgrade of Windows 95
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Intel releases Pentium III Processor which enhanced multimedia capabilities.
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Premier productivity suite, offers new tools for users to create content and save directly to a website.
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Internet Traffic expands 2x more everyday.
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Microsoft launched Windows ME that designed for home user.
Pentium 4 includes 42 million transistors. -
The next versions of productivity software.
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Intel produced Pentium 4 using a .13 micron processor; can reach 20 GHz speed.
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The development of digital video cameras such as DVD, CD etc
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The lightweight device is ideal for people on the go.
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Computers manufacturers begin shipping the smart display. Smart displays are lightweight touch screen monitors that let you use pc wirelessly.
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New features includes a consistent user interface.
