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Colonial Schools were formed in response to the need of shaping religion and countering the colonizing efforts of the Spanish.
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Education for upper class males that represented the Church and State.
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First institution of high education to be offered.
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Arising from the grim school environment, this piece of legislation was designed to produce citizens who understood the Bible. In towns of 50 or more, it was required to hire a teacher for reading and writing.
It gave birth to the idea that public education could contribute to the greater good of our country. -
Benjamin Franklin founded the English Academy, later known as University of Pennsylvania. He challenged the ideas of religious teachings by exploring the concepts of the European Enlightenment, including the sciences and secularization.
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Public schools did not exist and schooling was only available for the wealthy. Ideas were heavily focused on agriculture.
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This area of the country was focused on religion and the freedoms of choosing your own religious belief. Parochial schools were created and focused on the 3 R's.
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Culturally and religiously homogeneous. Industry and commerce allowed for people to cluster and led to the building of common schools. An unpleasant classroom environment led to children not wanting to attend schools. Schools in this area focused on reading, writing, arithmetic and religion.
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Eliminated religion, focused on practical need: math science and navigation.
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Federal government signs nearly 400 treaties with Native American nations and tribes
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Federal government established a role for itself in public education that continues on today. Example: Separation of church and State.
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The constitution removes formal religion from the school and establishes state responsibility in education.
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Free public schooling becomes available to most students.
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Focused on the needs of boys not attending college.
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First female college was established at Mt. Holy Oak Seminary
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Secretary of Education from 1837-1848.
Advocate for public school system. Supported the idea that free, tax supported, elementary school should be a right of every citizen. Passed the nations first compulsory school attendance law. -
Theory of Evolution created a split in education.
Natural selection vs Religious creation... What would be taught in schools? -
50% of American children were enrolled in public schools. 28-35 states had established state boards of education.
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The first all black school was founded in Washington D.C..
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Created standards and methods for high schools.
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Courts examine separate but equal. Supreme Court ruled that separate but equal railroad facilities didn't violate the Constitution. This decision was also applied to education and separate but equal remained for 50 years.
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The AAU was created to help the US compete with foreign university.
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Experiments with child development and learning traits.
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The Great Depression leads to to less funding forcing many public schools to close.
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Opened in Columbus, OH for grades 7,8, and 9.
By 1926, 800 jr high schools had been set up. -
Created Cardinal Principles of Education, including applied goals in health and civic education.
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National reports and federal legislation provide Native Americans with greater control over Education.
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Schools become instruments of national purpose and social change.
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Separate but Equal. This case ended separation of schools by race with different but equal treatment.The policy was
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In attempt to compete with Russia and raise the US math and science education, the federal government released money in support of the public education system.
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Attempt to eradicate poverty. Growth of funding from $900 million to $3 billion.
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Program designed to help 3-5 year disadvantaged children enter school ready to learn.
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Indian Education Act establishes Office of Indian Education.
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Congress passed Public Law 94-142, Individuals with Disabilities Act, which required free and appropriate public education for all children.
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The department of education was created under President Carter.
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Native American Languages Act protects the languages and cultures of Native Americans.
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Requires all states to develop comprehensive accountability plan to ensure that all students acquire basic skills, with emphasis on reading and math.