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-Live in the south
-Semi farmers (stay for 10 years then leave when the soil isn't good anymore)
-Good fighters because they knew where everybody was
-Live in long houses
- Matriarch -
-Live in the north
-Nomadic
-Hunters
-They follow the animals
-Live in tipis
- Patriarch -
Cartier explored and mapped the Gurlf of St-Lawrence and reported gold but was actually lots of fish, timber and furs.
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Cartier sailed up the St-Lawrence and reached Stadacona (Quebec).
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Cartier attempted to set up a colony so the missionnaries could convert the natives, but this plan failed.
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Samuel de Champlain was a part of the first settlement in Nova Scotia, called Port Royal. It failed because of its position.
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Champlain established this trading post near Stadacona (Quebec), a point where the river narrows. It would be called New France (Quebec City). This trading post was a success.
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To entice new settlers to come to New France and keep them organised.
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In 1642, a third settlement was founded named Ville-Marie. The purpose of this settlement was to evangelize the Amerindians but it still becane a major trading post because it was located in the heart of the Amerindian territory. In the 18th century, it was renamed Montreal.
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The French came to New France after Jean Talon became in charge of populating New France therefore giving advantages of coming. Some policies to help populate the colony were: bringing in the Filles du Roy to get married, soldiers who stayed after their duties got free land and minor criminals could come and live in New France. Fathers of unmarried girls paid fines as well as bachelors over 21. Payments were also given to couples who married young.
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In 1666, the king of France mandated Jean Talon to become the first intendant of New France. His main priority was to populate the colony.
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The Great Peace of Montreal was a peace treaty between New France and 40 First Nations of North America.
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The British come to New France. First the wealthy business men come looking to take over making the population 99% French and 1% English.
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After the war of independance, 36 000 loyalists left the United States to move to Canada. 6000 moved to Quebec and many of those settled in the eastern townships. The English population of Quebec had a sudden increase from 1% to 10%.
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The Irish came to New France due to the Irish Potato Famine and the cholera epidemic.
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Black slaves lived in the British regions of Canada in the 17th and 18th centuries. Slavery was abolished on August 1, 1834.
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-There were 2 conferences: 1. Charlotetown and 2. Quebec
-4 provinces part of this: Quebec, Ontario, New Brunswick and Nova Scotia
-Canada became a federation with a strong federal government and a provincial governement -
Overpopulation in the country lead people on the farm to move to the city. When the city got too gross, they moved to Vermont, New Hampshire or out west.
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The Indiant Act is laws that control every aspect of Indian life. It provides ways of understanding Native identity.
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-The creation of the first trans Canada railroad.
- Factory workers
- Finished products -
-Brain drain (when your most educated and skilled workers leave tp seek better opportunities)
-Natural Resources -
Descriminatory immigration policies until the end of the Second World War. Since 1945, there has been diversification of immigration.
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The Mohawk warriors established road blocks on the borders to their reserves in Oka just outside Montreal, when a golf course wanted to expand its 9 holes onto native land. The Canadian Forces were called in to handle the situation against the native military.
