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  A political Machine is a political group in which an authoritative boss or small group commands the support of a corps of supporters and businesses, who receive rewards for their efforts.
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  The Pendleton Civil Service Reform Act is a United States federal law enacted in 1883 that mandated that positions within the federal government should be awarded on the basis of merit instead of political affiliation.
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  Interstate commerce refers to the purchase, sale or exchange of commodities, transportation of people, money or goods, and navigation of waters between different states.
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  The 17th Amendment is to the United States Constitution established the popular election of United States Senators by the people of the states.