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reign of Isabella II
On the death of Fernando VII on September 29, 1833, his wife, María Cristina de Borbón-Dos Sicilias assumed the Regency with the support of the Liberals and, on behalf of his daughter and future queen, Isabel II. It will occupy the Regency until 1840 when it was replaced by General Baldomero Espartero. -
1st Carlist War
Carlos María Isidro, did not recognize Isabel as Princess of Asturias and when Fernando died on September 29, 1833, Isabel was proclaimed queen under the regency of her mother. María Cristina de Borbón-Dos Sicilias, and Carlos in the Abrantes Manifesto maintained their dynastic rights, leading the country to the First Carlist War. -
Royal Statute 1834
El 10 de abril de 1834 se promulga el Estatuto Real a modo de carta otorgada que pretende superar la norma fundamental anterior de 1812 y contentar a liberales y moderados. -
Statement from the Sergeants of La Granja
August 12, 1836, the rebellion of the sergeants against the Regent Queen Maria Cristina took place; It is the famous Mutiny of the Farm. The Regent found herself on a summer vacation at the Palacio de la Granja de San Ildefonso, when a group of sergeants from the 2nd Regiment of the Royal Guard, after entering the royal apartments, threatened her to restore the "pepa", the constitution of 1812 and was repealed by the Royal Statute of 1834. The Queen Regent agreed, giving way to the Progressives -
Progressive Government
After these events, the new Prime Minister was José María Calatrava. He promoted a social policy that will be approved by the first law in Spain that regulated and recognized freedom of the press. But the most important task was the adaptation of the Constitution of 1812 to the new reality (as the Regent had promised by Royal Decree during the Mutiny of the Farm) with the approval of the Constitution of 1837. -
Constitution of 1837
The Spanish Constitution of 1837 remained in force from 1837 to 1845. His main legacy was to recover the most progressive measures of the Constitution of 1812 and leave in Spain the feeling of service of a constitution that established the political system of the State. -
Espartero Regency
General Espartero becomes the main character of progressive liberalism after having obtained several resounding victories over the Carlists and achieving the end of the war with the Embrace of Vergara (1839).
In 1840 he obtained the Head of Government. In this position he will have constant confrontations with the Regent that will end with the resignation of María Cristina to the regency (1840). The Cortes then appointed Espartero Regent until the majority of Isabel II (1843). -
General O'Donell Statement
The pronouncements took place from October 1841, when O'Donnell rose up in Pamplona and other generals in Zaragoza and the Basque Country, while civil uprisings of a republican nature took place, most of them in the big cities. They were controlled by Espartero. -
Barcelona bombing
The bombardment of Barcelona took place on December 3, 1842 and began at 11:30 in the morning, concluding around 12 at night with the surrender of the Revolutionary Board to the government troops of Espartero. The ensuing repression increased the Regent's unpopularity. It was more reason for the Moderate Party to insist on its fall and provoke a new pronouncement. -
General Narváez Statement
It caused the fall of Espartero and the advancement of the coming of age of Isabel II. In 1844 the government of the Moderate Party (Moderate Decade 1844-1854) begins. -
Coming of age of Isabella 2 II
She is made of legal age with only thirteen years and assumes the crown until 1868 when she was dethroned by a revolution -
Constitution 1845
One of the first actions of Narváez in power was the reform of the Constitution of 1837, which resulted in a new Constitution, the 1845, with a different doctrinal basis. -
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Partido Demócrata
The Democratic Party was a political formation that emerged in Spain in April 1849 as a breakup of the Progressive Party. It acted partially clandestinely until the arrival of the Progressive Biennium during the reign of Isabel II. -
"La Vicalvarada"
The situation provoked during the Moderate Decade was unsustainable. The degree of corruption was high and the unrest came from within their ranks. Thus, General Leopoldo O'Donnell and Domingo Dulce led a statement against the moderate government. Its politicization was carried out through a Manifesto written by Antonio Canovas del Castillo. -
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Progressive Biennium
To save the situation after the Vicalvarada, the queen decided to hand over power to the progressive Espartero, who forms a government with O'Donell in a pact between moderate openings and progressives: The Progressive Biennium. Although the constitutional text of 1856 was approved by the Cortes, it was never proclaimed. Hence they called him "Non Nata".
This pact only lasted two years. -
Liberal Union Party
The Liberal Union was a Spanish political party of the second half of the 19th century founded by Leopoldo O'Donnell in 1858 with the intention of bringing together the non-absolutist moderates of the reign of Elizabeth II and the less exalted progressives in an attempt for occupying the political center of the time. Its public presentation, however, took place four years earlier, in September 1854. -
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Moderate Governments
This period was dominated by instability. After a brief government of O'Donell, the queen called the moderates, who, led by Narváez, ruled until 1858. In 1858 the government of the Liberal Union of 0'Donell begins until 1863. Between 1863 and 1868, the authoritarian situation of successive governments increased opposition to the Elizabethan regime. This caused the Glorious Revolution of 1868 and the fall of Isabella II. -
The revolution of 1868: "La Gloriosa"
The beginning of the plot to overthrow Elizabeth II took place in the Belgian city of Ostend, it was the Pact of Ostend. On August 16, 1866, a group of 45 representatives of the progressive and democratic parties organized themselves to define a provisional government that could exercise at the time of the coup. The main conspirators were Generals Juan Prim, Francisco Serrano, and Brigadier Juan Bautista Topete. The looting began in Cádiz in 1868. -
Abdication of Elizabeth II on her son, Prince Alfonso
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Death of Isabella II
