-
Background
In 1912 the Spanish protectorate was established in Morocco. It was actually a kind of "guardianship", transferred to Spain by the colonial administration of a sector in the north of the country. The Kingdom of Morocco generally came under French rule in the same year thanks to the Treaty of Fez, which culminated in several years of gradual colonial infiltration into the Maghreb. -
Development of operations
The Spanish army, while occupying the northern part of the country, faced many pockets of resistance. A few months before the signing of the protectionist treaty, an uprising led by a leader known as the Meziane was suppressed in the countryside near Melilla. With the entry into force of the colony, a new outpost of the rebellion would emerge, this time in Yabala, led by Ahmed Raissouni, lord of Asilah and the Atlantic Coast, which would last up to five years. 1919. -
First Fights
After the death of Eduardo Dato, the King Alfonso XIII handed over the government to a conservative coalition headed by Manuel Allendesalazar. On the same day of the oath, March 12, 1921, General Silvestre , captured the beach of Sidi Dris, at the mouth of the Uad Kebir River . The dry tributaries of the Big and Curt basins represent a series of valleys in the direction of the Gulf of Alhucemas that Silvestre recklessly crossed, entered the Tansaman River and occupied the customs Annual terms. -
annual disaster
The annual disaster was a great defeat for the Spanish army in the Rif War and a great victory for the Rif rebels. It happened from July 22 to August 9, 1921,
The battle resulted in the deaths of approximately 11,500 members of the Spanish army, 9,000 Spaniards This failure led to a redefinition of Spanish policy during the war. Guerra del Campo and a political crisis that weakened the foundations of the liberal monarchy of Alfonso XIII. -
Spanish reaction
The Spanish army attempted to gain control of the area by building small forts, often built on higher ground some 30 kilometers away. In fact, the war would give rise to the creation of a more organized and combative military body: the Spanish Legion, created in the image and likeness of the French Foreign Legion, which was commanded by José Milán Astrai and Francisco Franco. One of the main objectives of the dictatorship that he established was to end the war in Africa -
French intervention
Rural forces also acted as a motor for the Yabala riots,to the point that in December 1924,after withdrawing from Chefchaouen,Spain effectively controlled only a narrow coastal strip around the towns A line known as Camino de Estella,.Since mid-1924,France has been involved in the conflict, occupying the northern part of its region along the border with the Spanish region.The army moved to stop the offensive and attack the countryside from the south sometimes using chemical bombs. -
Landing of Al Hoceima
The landing of Alhucemas was a military landing on September 8,1925 in Alhucemas by the Spanish Army and Navy and,to a lesser extent,the French Allied Army,and which would mean the final Allied victory and the end of the war.point.The operation involved the landing of 13,000 Spanish soldiers who had been withdrawn from Ceuta and Melilla by the combined Spanish-French naval forces. The commander-in-chief of the operation at the time was Spain's "military director,"General Miguel Primo de Rivera, -
Consequences
The war in Morocco in general caused severe conflicts in the Spanish society of the time. Rural poverty is common knowledge, and not many understand the importance of a bloody and costly war as a matter of principle. However, wealthy young men from the middle class once evaded military service. It was originally done as it was done in the 19th century by paying someone to replace it or by ransoming it for a small fee. -
Acknowledgments
With the Royal Medal on March 13, 1925, the Laurel de la Cruz de San Fernando was awarded to the Artillery Commander Don Federico de la Paz Ordonia, of the Melilla Joint Artillery Regiment, for his exploits. On July 17 and 21, 1921, he entered hand-to-hand combat and died when there were no soldiers left.