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The Lotus Revolution

By KevaD
  • Demonstrators in their thousands take to the streets in an unprecedented show of strength to express anger against the government.

    Demonstrators in their thousands take to the streets in an unprecedented show of strength to express anger against the government.

    The official Middle East News Agency (MENA) reports 3 protestors killed and 49 wounded in Cairo and Suez.
  • Period: to

    Every End Has A New Beginning...

    The Chronology of The Egyptian Rrevolution,
    January 25th 2011 - March 8th 2011.
  • Police uses water hoses to disperse demonstrators in Cairo and other cities.

    Police uses water hoses to disperse demonstrators in Cairo and other cities.

    • MENA reports 90 demonstrators arrested.
    • Nile News Channel says 27 have been wounded in Suez.
    • Mohammad ElBaradei, the former director of the International Atomic Energy Agency arrives in Cairo to join the protests.
    • The Muslim Brotherhood, Egypt’s best-organized opposition group, calls on its followers to join the demonstrations.
    • The government responds by arresting a number of key Muslim Brotherhood figures.
  • Internet and text-messaging services are suspended. - Anti-government protesters call for new demonstrations.

    Internet and text-messaging services are suspended. - Anti-government protesters call for new demonstrations.

    • United Nations Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon cautions against escalating violence in Egypt and calls upon the government to respect freedom of assembly and the free access to information.
    • Protestors calling for the downfall of the Mubarak regime clash with security forces.
    • The headquarters of the ruling National Democratic Party is plundered and torched.
    • Prisons are opened and inmates freed.
    • The Police force withdraws amidst acts of pillaging and plundering.
    • The Army is deployed
  • Reports put the number of dead at 31.

    Reports put the number of dead at 31.

    -Former President Hosni Mubarak delivers a speech a little after midnight announcing that he has asked the government to resign and that he acknowledges the people’s legitimate demands for political and economic reforms.
    - The President appoints Omar Suleiman, then Chief of Intelligence, as Vice President; Suleiman is the first to assume the position since President Mubarak took office in 1981.
    - The protestors continue their sit-in in Tahrir Square waiting for their demands to be met in full.
  • Fighter planes and helicopters fly over Tahrir Square.

    Fighter planes and helicopters fly over Tahrir Square.

    • Britain, France and Germany issue a joint statement calling upon Former President Mubarak to begin the democratic transformation process, which includes holding free elections.
    • US President Barak Obama tells Mubarak he should take concrete steps to honour his commitments to reform.
    • Protestors defy the curfew order; the Square resonates with their chanting when ElBaradei arrives.
    • In a television interview, ElBaradei says Mubarak should leave and save the country.
  • The Authorities put trains on hold, and deploys the Army in key positions.

    The Authorities put trains on hold, and deploys the Army in key positions.

    • Former Vice President Omar Suleiman says the government has engaged the opposition in reform negotiations promising that plans will be set in motion as soon as possible.
    • A new cabinet is formed with Dr. Ahmad Shafiq as Prime Minister.
    • The Army says it will not take aim at peaceful demonstrators.
  • Former President Mubarak delivers a speech, in which he promises not to run for another presidential term in September, but says he intends to complete his tenure as President of Egypt.

    Former President Mubarak delivers a speech, in which he promises not to run for another presidential term in September, but says he intends to complete his tenure as President of Egypt.

    • The announcement enrages the demonstrators bringing them back to Tahrir Square, pledging to continue their protest until President Mubarak is ousted.
    • Supporters of the Mubarak regime clash with the protesters; 12 are wounded in Alexandria.
  • Clashes continue between Former President Mubarak’s supporters and the protesters.

    Clashes continue between Former President Mubarak’s supporters and the protesters.

    • The Government denies claims that the President’s supporters are policemen in plain clothes and workers.
  • In an exclusive interview with the US television network ABC, former President Mubarak says he's fed up and wants to resign, "but cannot for fear of the country falling into chaos."

    In an exclusive interview with the US television network ABC, former President Mubarak says he's fed up and wants to resign, "but cannot for fear of the country falling into chaos."

    -Restrictive measures are taken against journalists and human rights activists.
    - Opposition leaders suspend all talks with the government.
    - Prime Minister Ahmad Shafiq apologizes for the attacks mounted against anti-government protestors by pro-Mubarak demonstrators promising punishment for those responsible.
    - Vice President Suleiman calls for an end to the protests promising that the protestors’ demands will be met.
  • In a show of strength, tens of thousands of protesters gather at Tahrir Square to send a message to Mubarak that he should just “leave”.

    In a show of strength, tens of thousands of protesters gather at Tahrir Square to send a message to Mubarak that he should just “leave”.

    • Clashes between pro- and anti-Mubarak protesters continue.
    • Offices of the Muslim Brotherhood and Al-Jazeera TV come under attack by hooligans.
  • The regime crumbles under the pressure: key ruling party members, including Gamal Mubarak, resign.

    The regime crumbles under the pressure: key ruling party members, including Gamal Mubarak, resign.

    • Vice President Suleiman initiates talks with the opposition.
  • Vice President Suleiman and opposition groups, including the Muslim Brotherhood meet.

    Vice President Suleiman and opposition groups, including the Muslim Brotherhood meet.

    • The government is reported by the state television to have agreed in the near future to abolish the Emergency Law enacted since President Mubarak came to power in 1981.
    • Opposition figures say the government is deceiving the public by showing groups that do not represent them in meetings with the Vice President.
    • The pipeline carrying gas to Israel, Jordan, Lebanon and Syria explodes adding a regional dimension to an internal crisis.
    • Banks and law courts, closed since January 27, open.
  • Meetings between the government and opposition groups fail to end the protests.

    Meetings between the government and opposition groups fail to end the protests.

    • Tahrir Square protestors say they are determined to stay their course until President Mubarak resigns.
    • In an interview with Fox News, US President Barak Obama says Egypt isn't going to be the same now that pro-democracy protests "have roiled the Arab nation in recent weeks".
    • The Egyptian pound closes at 6.95 against the dollar, dropping to its lowest rate in six years.
  • Anti-Mubarak protests continue despite the government’s decision to raise salaries and pensions by 15%.

    Anti-Mubarak protests continue despite the government’s decision to raise salaries and pensions by 15%.

    • A Committee on Constitutional Amendments is formed.
    • Curfew hours are reduced to 10.
    • The Human Rights Watch Coordinator’s Office in Cairo puts the number of protestors killed at 232 in Cairo, 52 in Alexandria and 13 in Suez.
  • Political activist Wael Ghonim, fresh out of prison, receives a hero’s welcome at Tahrir Square.

    Political activist Wael Ghonim, fresh out of prison, receives a hero’s welcome at Tahrir Square.

    • The uprising gathers momentum: protestors take control of Cabinet and Parliament buildings, demanding the President to resign.
    • Nobel Prize Winner Dr. Ahmad Zowail says it is time Former President Mubarak accepted the protesters’ demands and left.
    • Police and protesters in Al-Kharja clash for the second day; 5 are killed.
  • Protestors set a symbolic memorial of the victims, which an unofficial count put at 300; entrances to Parliament are sealed off.

    Protestors set a symbolic memorial of the victims, which an unofficial count put at 300; entrances to Parliament are sealed off.

    • US TV channels report that Former President Mubarak will resign tonight surrendering his powers to the military.
    • The Supreme Council of the Armed Forces announces it is in a state of continuous session.
    • President Mubarak announces he is handing over his powers to the Vice President.
    • The President agrees to amending 5 Articles of the Constitution and abolishing one.
    • The President apologizes to the families of the victims fallen in the uprising.
  • Vice President Suleiman announces that Former President Mubarak has resigned and has surrendered his powers to the Supreme Council of the Armed Forces.

    Vice President Suleiman announces that Former President Mubarak has resigned and has surrendered his powers to the Supreme Council of the Armed Forces.

    • Former President Mubarak and his family leave for Sharm al-Sheikh.
    • Protestors march towards the Presidential Palace in Heliopolis, east of Cairo.
    • Tens of thousands of protestors block entrances to the Radio and Television Building close to Tahrir Square.
    • The Supreme Council of Armed Forces says it guarantees constitutional amendments, free and fair elections, reforms and an end to the State of Emergency.
  • EU Foreign Policy Chief Catherine Ashton says that, by standing down, Mubarak 'has listened to the voices of the Egyptian people and has opened the way to faster and deeper reforms.'

    EU Foreign Policy Chief Catherine Ashton says that, by standing down, Mubarak 'has listened to the voices of the Egyptian people and has opened the way to faster and deeper reforms.'

    • UN Secretary General Ban Ki-moon says he respects the "difficult decision" taken in the people's interests, and calls for an "orderly and peaceful transition".
    • French President Nicolas Sarkozy welcomes President Mubarak's decision to resign
    • German Chancellor Angela Merkel welcomes the "historic change" in Egypt.
    • The resignation of President Mubarak is internationally considered a step in the interest of the Egyptian people whose voice has finally been heard after 18 days of protest.
  • UN Secretary General Ban Ki-moon says he respects the "difficult decision" taken in the people's interests, and calls for an "orderly and peaceful transition".

    UN Secretary General Ban Ki-moon says he respects the "difficult decision" taken in the people's interests, and calls for an "orderly and peaceful transition".

    • French President Nicolas Sarkozy welcomes President Mubarak's decision to resign.
    • Turkey expresses hopes that the new government of Egypt fulfils its people's aspirations.
    • A Swiss Foreign Ministry spokesman says Switzerland will freeze all of Mubarak's potential assets.
  • Egypt asks Britain to freeze the assets of several former Egyptian politicians and British Foreign Secretary says his country will comply.

    Egypt asks Britain to freeze the assets of several former Egyptian politicians and British Foreign Secretary says his country will comply.

  • Tahrir Square protestors build a memorial of the fallen martyrs of the Revolution.

    Tahrir Square protestors build a memorial of the fallen martyrs of the Revolution.

    Cairo after Mubarak - Political activists, lawyers and media people lodge complaints at the Prosecutor-General's office against former members of the ousted regime.
  • Minister of Finance Samir Radwan calls for an end to labour and professional protests and for turning the wheels of the economy. He says salary raises, economic growth and increasing work opportunities all depend on achieving stability in Egypt.

    Minister of Finance Samir Radwan calls for an end to labour and professional protests and for turning the wheels of the economy. He says salary raises, economic growth and increasing work opportunities all depend on achieving stability in Egypt.

  • The first political party created after the Revolution is established: "The Tahrir Revolutionaries Party".

    The first political party created after the Revolution is established: "The Tahrir Revolutionaries Party".

    • The Prosecutor-General decides to uncover all secret bank accounts held in the name of former Minister of Interior Habib al-Adly, his spouse and minor child.
    • Egyptian Banks deny reports that they have transformed assets of former politicians and/or government officials.
    • The Supreme Council of the Armed Forces creates a Facebook Page and dedicates it to the Revolution's youth and martyrs.
  • A million-strong march takes off from Tahrir Square under the slogan "the people want the ousting of the government".

    A million-strong march takes off from Tahrir Square under the slogan "the people want the ousting of the government".

    • Minister of Information Anas al-Fiqi assumes full responsibility for the Egyptian Television's performance during the Revolution.
  • The Secretary-General of the Arab Investors Union Gamal Bayumi says Saudi Arabia has launched a fund-raising campaign, in collaboration with the World Bank and the EU, to support Egypt's economy.

    The Secretary-General of the Arab Investors Union Gamal Bayumi says Saudi Arabia has launched a fund-raising campaign, in collaboration with the World Bank and the EU, to support Egypt's economy.

    Relief for Somalia Campaign - Raised more than $42 million, in addition to tons of food, housing and medical supplies.
  • Investors demonstrate in front of the Stock Exchange calling for a continued hold on transactions until stability is ensured.

    Investors demonstrate in front of the Stock Exchange calling for a continued hold on transactions until stability is ensured.

  • Egypt's Youth Party expresses disappointment at the new Ahmad Shafiq government formation.

    Egypt's Youth Party expresses disappointment at the new Ahmad Shafiq government formation.

    A new political party is formed: "The Free Egypt Party".
  • US Secretary of State Hillary Clinton says Washington does not object to the Muslim Brothers ascending to power in Egypt as long as they renounce violence and commit to democracy.

    US Secretary of State Hillary Clinton says Washington does not object to the Muslim Brothers ascending to power in Egypt as long as they renounce violence and commit to democracy.

    • Millions of demonstrators gather in Tahrir Square to call for the removal of the Shafiq government.
    • Judges object to not being involved in constitutional amendment negotiations; and call for surrendering the powers of the Minister of Justice to the Supreme Judicial Council.
    • Egypt asks a number of countries to freeze the assets held by former President Hosni Mubarak, his spouse, his two sons and their spouses.
  • The Committee on Constitutional Amendments reduces the term of the presidency from 6 years to 4 with only 2 tenures.

    The Committee on Constitutional Amendments reduces the term of the presidency from 6 years to 4 with only 2 tenures.

    • The Supreme Council of the Armed Forces says it will release all detainees of the January 25th Revolution.
  • The Cairo Court of Appeals sets the trial date of former Minister of Interior Habib al-Adly on March 5.

    The Cairo Court of Appeals sets the trial date of former Minister of Interior Habib al-Adly on March 5.

  • The Prosecutor-General bans former President Hosni Mubarak and family from travelling abroad and issues an order freezing their assets.

    The Prosecutor-General bans former President Hosni Mubarak and family from travelling abroad and issues an order freezing their assets.

  • Counsellor Tahani al-Gebali, Vice President of the Supreme Constitutional Court says she is concerned that Egypt will be held hostage to the Cabinet, and to Parliament elections. She stresses her fear that elections will bring a Parliament that does not r

    Counsellor Tahani al-Gebali, Vice President of the Supreme Constitutional Court says she is concerned that Egypt will be held hostage to the Cabinet, and to Parliament elections. She stresses her fear that elections will bring a Parliament that does not r

  • The issue of the million-pound-high salaries received by few Egyptian television broadcasters enrages their peers in the same profession.

    The issue of the million-pound-high salaries received by few Egyptian television broadcasters enrages their peers in the same profession.

    • The authorities free Khayrat al-Shater, the Muslim Brotherhood's Number 3 man.
  • Grand Sheikh of al-Azhar Ahmad al-Tayeb says al-Azhar is not a political but an educational institution; and that it is not part of the regime nor will it revolt against it.

    Grand Sheikh of al-Azhar Ahmad al-Tayeb says al-Azhar is not a political but an educational institution; and that it is not part of the regime nor will it revolt against it.

    • The Supreme Council of the Armed Forces asks Dr. Essam Sharaf to form a new interim cabinet, replacing the unpopular Shafiq government.
    • Eyewitnesses report that hundreds of protestors have stormed the General Directorate for State Security Investigations in Alexandria.
    • The number of Egyptians returning from Libya is reported to have reached 100 thousand.
  • Prime Minister designate Essam Sharaf delivers a speech before a crowd of more than a million people at Tahrir Square, promising to fulfil the public's demands.

    Prime Minister designate Essam Sharaf delivers a speech before a crowd of more than a million people at Tahrir Square, promising to fulfil the public's demands.

    • The Prosecutor-General creates a team for investigating the storming of offices of the General Directorate for State Security Investigation in Giza and Alexandria.
    • Arab League Secretary-General Amr Moussa, a potential candidate for the presidency of Egypt, says if elected he will commit to the peace agreement signed between Egypt and Israel, and admits there are differences with Iran, that could resoled through dialogue.
  • The trial of former Minister of Interior Habib al-Adly on charges of money laundering is postponed.

    The trial of former Minister of Interior Habib al-Adly on charges of money laundering is postponed.

  • Marshall Hussein Tantawi, the Supreme Commander of the Armed Forces receives Turkish President Abdullah Gül, the first head of state to visit Egypt after the Revolution.

    Marshall Hussein Tantawi, the Supreme Commander of the Armed Forces receives Turkish President Abdullah Gül, the first head of state to visit Egypt after the Revolution.

    • Alaa Mubarak, former President's Mubarak's son and mother, Suzanne Mubarak are reported to have arrived in Cairo from Sharm al-Sheikh for reasons unknown.
  • A new cabinet is formed under the premiership of Dr. Essam Sharaf.

    A new cabinet is formed under the premiership of Dr. Essam Sharaf.

  • The Cairo Criminal Court rules in favour of preventing former President Mubarak, his spouse, his two sons, their spouses and their minor children from handling any of their assets in banks and/or companies.

    The Cairo Criminal Court rules in favour of preventing former President Mubarak, his spouse, his two sons, their spouses and their minor children from handling any of their assets in banks and/or companies.