-
Magna CartaThe Magna Carta was a document that king John of England was forced to sign. This document lessened the power of the king and formed a parliment for England. It was written by archbishop Stephen Langston and gave rights to English citizens.
-
Mayflower CompactThe Mayflower Compact was a document written by the pilgrims coming from England that stated laws and rights for the pilgrims to create a stable society. It said they would create their own government with their own laws.
-
New England ConfederationMassachusetts, Plymouth,Connetitcut and New Haven met in Boston to coordinate military efforts. They appointed representitives from these colonies. These representitves could declare war and had some power over internal conflicts.
-
linkWhen the king of England told colonists that they weren't aloud to inhabit land across the appalachians. This was land they fought in the French Indian war.
-
linkThe war between French and British with Indians on the French side. It was for land west of the appalachians. The British and colonists won this war.
-
Albany PlanThe Albany Plan of Union was a plan to unite the people in the colonies to fight in the french and indian war. It had representitives from the colonies and a leader appointed by the kong of England.
-
link Treaty ended french indian war. British were given control of land west of the appalacian mountains to the mississippi river.
-
link Tax on sugar by British for the colonies. It was made to help fix British debt and was cheaper than the previous tax on sugar.
-
link This created a tax on paper goods like cards, newspapers and stamps. This upset colonists and so they began to boycott British goods.
-
link This congress met with 9 colonies represented to discuss the stamp act and other problems. They came out still loyal to Britain.
-
linkThis new act taxed many things like glass, tea and others. The colonists yet again boycotted this and were upst with the British.
-
link As tensions rose one night a group of colonists were antagonizing British soldiers. These soldiers opened fire and kileed some colonists in doing so.
-
link Upset with new taxes on teas colonists prtoested by boarding British Tea ships and dumping tea into the harbor. The British were very upset and acted acordingly.
-
link All colonies were represnted except Georgia. At this meeting they discused how to act on the new British laws called the intolerable acts.
-
link Henry wanted each county in virginia to have it's own militia or fighting force. He gave a long speech influencing colonists to do so.
-
link Paul revere along with a few other riders took to the road to warn colinists that the British were soming. They got the word out and alowed the militia to get in place.
-
link The militia knowing the British were coming took to the woods to launch surprise attacks on the British as the went to and from Concord. They forced the British to create a defense in Boston.
-
link The Breen mountain boys fought at this fort wining the americans their first battle. The Americans got the artillary and also knew they could beat the British.
-
link The delegates agreed it was time to take on the British. They made an army and put George Washington in charge.
-
link mostly on Breeds hill the colonists fought off British troups twice until they ran out of ammo and were forced to reetreat. Although they won British suffered heavy casualties.
-
link It was a document blaming British for bad things in the colonies a getting people to join the Revolution. It helped spark the colonists to join the fight.
-
link Once colonists had cannons the British new they weren't going to be able to hold onto Boston. They got on the boats and retreated to Nova Scotia.
-
link Drafted on December 2nd it was the fourth that in was announced to the people. The colonies now had a formal statement of why they were rebbelling.
-
link These were articles written supportinging the american revolution. It made the american morale much higher.
-
link On the day after christmas Washington snuck up on Hessian truops who had been partying the day before. It was a good win for the American cause.
-
link The contionental army was able to trap the British at Saratoga. This was the first major win and proved to be the turning point in the war.
-
articlesThe Articles of confederation are rules created by congress to show the guidelines of Congress. This was the first written government of the United States.
-
link With the winter coming and the men loosing their pride. Washington took them to Valley forge were he trained them and convinced them to keep fighting.
-
link This was a battle on the sea against the H.S serapis. It lasted about three hours and John Paul and his men came out victourious.
-
link Arnold was giving away american plans for moths. When they found out he was captured but eventually escaped.
-
link boxed in by French and Americsn troups Cronwallis had no choice but to surender. The Americans won the war.
-
conspiracyNewburgh conspiracy was when a soldier was disrespecting the US government because they weren't meeting the army's needs. Washington was able to talk the soldiers down beacuase he made them feel shameful for asking for so much.
-
Treaty of ParisThe Treaty of Paris was an agreement signed by the US and Britain that finally gave the US independence. The US payed Brtish debts and in turn Brtian said that the US was independent to the Mississippi river.
-
mississippiSpain closed the Mississippi to everyone except the Spansih. The americans were very upset with this because the U.S was no longer able to trade up and down the river.
-
ordinanceThe Land Ordinance created the first public schools for all of the US. It improved US education across the country. Education became more manditiry and these public schools were maintained in every township.
-
rebellionShays Rebellion was started by a revelutionary war vet named Daniel Shay. He was a farmer rebelling against paying taxes in gold and silver and taking of farm land. It put down by the Massachusetts militia.
-
AnnapolisThe Annapolis convention was a meeting to fix the government of the US. However, the representitves felt like not enough of the states were represented so they asked for another meeting in the future to fix the government.
-
convention The constitutional convention ws when representitives from each colony came together to fix the articles of confederation. In the end they mad the constitution.
-
ReligionThe Ordinancce of religous freedom gave people the right to practice whatever religion they pleased without any persecution from the government. This gave people freedom of Religion.
-
northwestThe Northwest Ordinance was made to form some sort of government for the northwest territories. It also gave some laws for the people in these territories.
-
compromiseIT is when the congress agreed on representatives for the people in the houses. In the Senate each state got two representatives. The house of representatives is done by population in each state.
-
ratification Once the representitives decided on the constitution they sent it off to the states. The point of this was to show the states and get their aproval before it was put in place.
-
anti-fedderalists The anit- federalists were people againtst the constitution. They wrote many articles on how it wouldn't work and what rights it took away for the people.
-
papersThe federalists papers were a group of articles that promoted ratification of the constitution. These papers were mostly supported by people who wanted a strong central government.
-
Deleware ratifies The state of deleware had a convention on ratificated the constitution. The december 7th they decided it was best for the stae of delaware to have the constitution.
-
massachusetts ratifies Massachusetts was kind of split on deciding whether to ratify the constitution or not. They finally did but in the end it was a close vote.
-
New Hampshire The State of New Hampshire also agreed with the constitution. They were the vote that put the constitution into effect.
-
congressCongress met for the first time in New York. The put the amendments into place. This was the first meeting ever by the congress.
-
washington After doing so well in the revolutionary war washington was the people's choice for President. He didn't want to but did it any way. He became the first president of the United States of America.
-
Bill of rights The Bill of rights was created by congress at a meeting. They wanted to show people's rights to protect themselves from the government. They created this Bill of rights then sent it off to the states to be ratified.
-
Rights ratified The Bill of right helped people get rights that weren't given to them in the constitution. It was a good addition to the constitution. All the amendments were ratified except for two.
-
linkJames Madison and Thomas Jefferson wanted congress to stop doing things not allowed by the Constitution. This sparked a great debate in the government.
-
linkThis convention was held to try and contain the power that the federal government was getting. They talked long and came up with some ideas on what to do.
-
linkThe MIssouri compromise was put in place to keep slavery in the south and even out the balance in the senate. It said no slavery could go past the 36 30 latitude longitude line for all U.S teritories. It also added Missouri as slave state and Maine as free state.
-
linkThis helped industry in the North excel by increasing the price of imported goods. It made the competition in Europen less harsh.
-
linkWith the tariff in the North the South had less goods and couldn't compete. South Carolina fixed this by making a law that said they did not have to worry about the tariff.
-
linkThis law was passed by Parliment in England. It called for the end of slavery and was passed in 1833.
-
linkAmericans were allowed to settle in Texas while it was under Mexican rule. When Mexico outlawed slavery the Texans were upset so they left Mexico and joined the United States of America.
-
linkPolk was president during the mexican war. He secretly wanted the war to hapen to gain land from mexico. He was also invloved in adding Texas as a state. He was the 11th President.
-
linkWhen Texas joined the U.S, Mexico arhued with Texas about the border. The U.S entered the conflict and eventually attacked Mexico. The U.S tried to say Mexico attacked but really wanted the war to hapen. The result of the war was the U.S getting Arizona, California and New Mexico.
-
linkThis law allowed slavery in the territories gained in Mexican war in an attempt to regain peace with Mexico. The law howvwer, was never passed.
-
linkClafornia wanted to be a State. There was a big debate over whether they should join or not because it could disrupt the balance in the senate. They eventually were allowed to join.
-
linkThis law was made so there would be no safe haven in the U.S for escaped slaves. It said that everyone had to turn in escaped slaves they found. If they didn't they would be fined and sent to jail. Also alleged escpaed slaves couldn't testify.
-
linkUncle Tom's Cabin was written by Harriet Beecher Stowe. It showed the brutality of slavery and forced people to think about ending slavery. It helped the abolishonists cause.
-
linkThe Kansas-Nebraska act instituted by Stephen Douglas was put in place to organize unorganized territory and ultimatley make chicago a main stop on the railways. This act opened Kansas and Nebraska to popular sovernty. This sparked heavy debate and violence in Kansas.
-
linkThis party was created to stop the spread of slavery. It was partialy formed because of Kansas-Nebraska act. Abe Lincoln also became a member.
-
linkOn this day 800 men crossed into kansas and attacked the town of Lawrerence. They had guns and canons and went are destroying newpapers and other building. A few men died that day.
-
linkSumner verbaly attacked senator Andrew Butler from South Carolina. The result of this was Butler's nephew Preston Brooks beat Sumner ,almost to death, with a cane.
-
linkJohn Brown led a group of abolishionists into the town Pottawatomie Creek in response to Lawrence. He killed 5 men hacking them with broad swords.
-
linkScott sued his owner after being moved to a free state for a while then back to a slave state. He was trying to get his freedom. After a few different trials and appeals the U.S supreme court determined that he should not recieve his fredom. The court said that a slave was property.
-
linkThis made it so all slaves in kansas could stay but no more slaves could be added. This made southerners furious and sparked a heated debate.
-
linkAbe Lincoln and Stephen Douglas ran against eachother for Illinois Senator. They competed in a series of debates which contained a lot of arguments on different topics including slavery.
Lincoln wanted to stop the expansion of slavery and Douglas wanted popular sovernty. -
linkJohn Brown led a group of around 19 men and took over a federal armory in Virgina. His plan was to spark a slave rebbellion. The slaves did not rebel and eventually the U.S Marines stormed the armory and took down Brown and his men. Five of Brown's men escaped the others were killed or captured. Five townspeople were also killed. Brown was hung for conspiracy and murder a few weeks later.
-
linkDemocrats from the North and those of the South were at odds over the issue of slavery. For this reason the party split both putting up a canadate for the Presidency in 1860. The North had Steven Douglas while the South had John Breckenridge.
-
linkThis political party avoided the topic of slavery. They hoped that it would avoid conflict and everyone could live happy ever after.
-
linkAbe Lincoln won this election with 40% popular vote and 60% electoral votes. The upset southereners because some of the states from the south didn't even have Lincoln on the voting ballet.
-
ABeLincoln felt that it was no time to punish the south. Instead his plan was set on the basis of putting the union back together.
-
BillThis bill was proposed by a radical republican and said that confederates who swore they had never used guns against the union could rejoin. It passed in the house and congress but was vetoed by Lincoln.
-
AbeLincoln went up against the Democrat George Mcllelan in this election. Abe won the election by a distinctively larger number of votes.
-
[Freedmens](www.chesnuttarchive.org/classroom/bureau.html)The freedmans bureau wan an effort to help those in the south get food, clothing and other neccesities because of the war. In this time over 200,000 blacks recieved their first education.
-
AbeOn this day James Wilkes Booth snuck up behind lincoln in the theatre and shot him. It was a sad day for Americans.
-
CodesThe black codes were an effort by white men to withold civil libirties from blacks. Some of these laws seemingly looked like some sort of slavery.
-
[Johnson](www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/reconstruction/states/sf_timeline.html)Yet again Johnson was looking for a swear of loyalty from southeners to the union. He gave all those who made this oath back their property except for slaves.
-
13thThis amendment was the one to finally outlaw slavery in the U.S for everyone except criminals.
-
KKKThe KKK was one of the first terrorist groups in the U.S. They attcked blacks and others who helped blacks. Their core value was white supremacy and others.
-
RightsThis act protected civil libirties for blacks. Although the President was against it the house was still able to pass the law.
-
ActsThese acts called for military presence in the south and a new constitution for any confederate state to rejoin the union including other things these states had to do.
-
ImpeachAndew Johnson fired Secritary of war edwin stanton which the congress deemed to be against the law. He remained President however winning by one vote in the senate.
-
14thThis Amendment said all who were born in the U.S were citizrns and had the rights to life, liberty and property. This law was not very popular but passed anyway.
-
GrantGrant befriended the radical republican congess and worked to eliminate the confedercay and gain equality for african americans.
-
hiramRevels was the first black man to serve in senate and congress.
-
15thThis amendment gave black men the right to vote. escentially making them politicaly equal to whites.
-
ActThis act was created to end the KKK. It suspended habeus corpus in order to break up the organiztion. It also help people recieve rights they were being deprived of.
-
BureauThis Bureau that seemed so helpful had become disliked. So the
secratary of war, now in charge of the bureau, disbanded it. -
ActThis act allowed blacks equality in transportation and public accomidation. Also they could now serve in juries.
-
Jim CrowThe Jim Crow laws basically took away all the civil libreties blacks had recieved with the civil rights act. Also it mandated segregation between whites and blacks.
-
HayesHayes won a sketchy election with Samuel Tilden where he seemed to have recieved extra votes. He was President during the end of reconstruction.
-
TroupsAfter a compromise in the south the union decided it was no longer neccesary to keep troups in the south.
-
ActThis act was proved to be unconstituional by the supreme court. It was deemed that it went against the 14th amendment regualting individuals instead of states.
-
LawFlorida was the first to force segregation in public. With literary tests and the grandfather clause it was hard for blacks to have their voices heard.
-
VsPlessy decided to test the courts by sitting in the white car on a train. He argued he was within his 13th and 14th amendment rights of civil equality. He lost the case because of the specific wording in the amendments.
